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The belief that one’s own group of culture is superior to all other
groups or cultures.
Ethnocentrism
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1.Acquire speaking experience
2.Prepare, Prepare, Prepare
3.Think Positively
4.Use the Power Visualization
5.Know that most nervousness is not visible.
6.Don’t expect perfection
Dealing with Nervousness
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The branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and
wrong in human affairs.
Ethics
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Presenting another person’s language or ideas as one’s own.
Plagiarism
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Listening to evaluate a message for purposes of
accepting or rejecting it.
Critical Listening
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Types of Listening
- Appreciative
- Empathic
- Comprehensive
- Critical
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A carefully prepare and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief
set of notes.
Extemporaneous Speech
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A single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to
accomplish in his or her speech.
Specific Purpose
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A one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major ideas of
speech.
Central Idea
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Think in advance about your listeners’ background and interest, about
their level of knowledge regarding the speech topic.
Audience Analysis
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Audience analysis that focuses on situational factors such as the size
of the audience, the physical setting for the speech, and the disposition of
the audience toward the topic, the speaker, and the occasion
Situational Audience Analysis
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A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas,
conditions, experiences or the like.
Brief
Extended
Hypothetical
Examples
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A word or phrase that indicates when a speaker has finished one thought
and is moving on to another.
Transititions
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Get the attention and interest of your audience
Reveal the topic of your speech
Establish your credibility and goodwill
Preview the body of the speech
Elements of Introduction
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A detailed outline developed during the process of speech preparation
that includes the title, specific purpose, central idea, introduction, main
points, subpoints, connectives, conclusion, and bibliography of a speech.
Preparation Outline
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A brief outline used to jog a speaker’s memory during the presentation
of a speech.
Speaking Outline
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The meaning suggested by the associations or emotions triggered by a
word or phrase.
Connotation
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The literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase.
Denotation
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words that refer to tangible objects.
Concrete Words
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Words that refer to ideas or concepts
Vague (Abstract) words
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