Bio 2nd

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  1. the number of unpaired electrons in an atom is its?
    Valence
  2. When the outer shell is full of electrons and the atom is content and unreactive the atom is?
    Inert
  3. When the outer shell is not full, is unstable and looking for fulfillment the atom is?
    Reactive
  4. except for the first shell which is full with two electrons, atoms interact in a manner to have eight electrons in their valence shell
    Octet Rule
  5. living together in the same space
    cohabitate
  6. Covalent bonds are formed by?
    Sharing electrons
  7. an atom that has a charge
    Ion
  8. weak attractions between opposite partial charges are?
    Hydrogen Bonds
  9. the measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons is called?
    Electronegativity
  10. materials that dissolve easily in water are?
    Hydrophilic
  11. what best describes the atoms of the top four elements?
    they are reactive - looking for fulfillment, outer shell not full
  12. what are the four groups of organic macromolecules?
    • Proteins
    • nucleic acids
    • carbohydrates
    • lipids
  13. molecules unique to living systems containing carbon are?
    Organic compounds
  14. The most versatile atom on earth is?
    Carbon
  15. How many amino acids do we know are used in biological systems?
    20
  16. Strings of amino acids are called?
    Peptides
  17. What is the monomer of Carbohydrates?
    Monosaccharide (simple sugar)
  18. Functions of Carbohydrates
    • Energy storage
    • structure (chitin) 
    • protection 
    • Signaling (tells sells what they are)
  19. two major types of lipids?
    Isoprene and Fatty Acid
  20. What are lipids mostly made up of?
    Carbon Chains and hydrogen
  21. What are the two types of Fatty Acid Lipids and their structures?
    • Saturated - single bonds, solid at room temp, found commonly found in animals
    • Unsaturated - have some double bonds, oil at room temp, found in plants
  22. Means different parts of the molecule have different properties
    Amphipathic
  23. Carbohydrate in a lipid
    Glycolipid
  24. Means that only certain things can cross a membrane
    Selective Permeability
  25. Movement of substances against the gradient, low to high concentration
    Active Transport
  26. Adenine tryphosphate
    ATP
  27. States that:
    Cells are the smallest units of living organisms
    All organisms are made of cells
    all cells come from preexisting cells
    Cell Theory
  28. Positively charged ions are called
    Cations
  29. Negatively charged ions are called?
    Anions
  30. What type of covalent bond has a partial charge?
    Polar
  31. When electrons are shared equally or symmetrically what type of covalent bond is formed?
    Non polar covalent
  32. A bond that is formed when there is complete transfer of electrons
    Ionic bond

Card Set Information

Author:
 NateS11
ID:
 256661
Filename:
 Bio 2nd
Updated:
2014-02-07 03:46:42
Tags:
Bio
Folders:
Bio 2
Description:
Bio 2
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