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Matter is
- A. Anything that has weight and takes up space
- B. Is composed of elements
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Chemistry is
- The study of composition of substances How the substances change
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Biochemistry is
The study of composition of substances and how the substances change
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Elements are
Fundamental substances which comprise all matter, it is composed of particles called atoms, examples of elements are iron, copper, silver, gold, aluminum, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.
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1 of 3 Types of Elements are
- 1. Bulk elements
- -Are elements needed by the body in small amounts
- -6 examples of bulk elements are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorous.
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2 of 3 Types of elements are
- 2. Trace Elements
- -are elements needed by the body in small amounts
- -trace elements are used by the body for parts of enzymes.
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3 of 3 Types of elements
- 3. Ultratrace Elements
- -are elements needed by the body in very small amounts
- -are toxic in large amounts
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Compounds are
Chemical combinations of elements.
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Atoms are composed of
Nucleus and electron shells and are the smallest particle of an element that has properties of that element.
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The Nucleus is
The central portion of an atom, it contains protons and usually neutrons and is has no weight
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Electrons are
Located circling around the nucleus and carry a negative charge
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Protons are
Located in the central portion of an atom and carry a positive charge.
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Neutrons are
Located in the central portions of an atom and are electrically neutral
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Atomic Number is
The number of protons in the atoms of a particular element. Ex: Carbon has an atomic number of 6 because it has 6 protons.
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Atomic weight is
- The number of proton plus the number of neutrons in each of an element’s atoms. Primarily due to the weight of protons and neutrons. Atoms of the same element can vary in atomic weights because their number of neutrons may vary. Example: one carbon atom has six protons and six neutrons—the atomic weight of carbon=12
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Isotopes are
- Atoms that have the same atomic numbers but different atomic weights (different # of neutrons). Radioactive isotopes release atomic radiation. Examples of radioactive isotopes are isotopes of oxygen, iodine, iron, phosphorus, and colbalt.
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Chemical Bonds are
When atoms combine with themselves or other atoms.
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