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Delegated Powers
Powers specifically granted to the National Government
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Implied Powers
Powers not specifically granted, but that result logically from the Delegated Powers
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Inherent Powers
Powers the National Government is assumed to have because it's the government of a sovereign state
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Concurrent Powers
Powers the National Government is assumed to have because it's the government of a sovereign state
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Reserved Powers
All powers, except those specifically delegated or prohibited, are left to the states
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Loose Construction
Broad view of the Constitution
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Strict Construction
Narrow view of the Constitution
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Dictatorship
Government in which the ruler attempts to control every aspect of life
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Oligarchy
Rule by a small group of powerful people
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Divine Right
Power "granted" by God
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Republic
People exercise political power through elected officials
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Confederation
States joined together to meet some common goal
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Virginia Plan
3 separate branches of government, bicameral legislature (2 houses: based on state population, lower house is elected then the lower house selects the upper house), national legislature (national laws overrule state laws)
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New Jersey Plan
1 house national legislature (representatives selected by state legislature, each state gets 1 vote), plural executives (selected by congress), supreme court (appointed for life by executive officers)
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Due Process of Law
Constitutional guarantee of fairness and equality under the law
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Probable Cause
Reasonable belief that a particular crime has been, or is bing, committed
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Double Jeopardy
Protects from being prosecuted twice for the same crime
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Unitary Government
One government with a central power
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Exclusionary Rule
Evidence obtained illegally can't be used in court
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Presidential Veto
President's power to reject a bill
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