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Carbohydrates
Organic compound consisting of carbon hydrogen and oxygen in a1, 212 ratio
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Sugar
Sweet tasting carbohydrate
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Monosaccharides
Single sugar such as glucose or fructose
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Disaccharides
Sugar produced by the union of two monosaccharaides
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Polysaccharides
Carbohydrate composed of joined monosaccharaides
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Lipids
Group of organic compounds that includes fat, oils phospholipids and steroid
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Fatty acids
Building blocks of a fat molecule
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Glycerol
Organic compound
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That is a building block for fat molecules
Saturated fatty acid
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Molecule
That contains only fatty acid molecules with as many hydrogen atoms as possible and therefore no double bonded carbon atoms
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Unsaturated fatty
Acid fat molecule that includes one or more unsaturated fatty acids
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Steroids
Type or organic molecule including complex rings of carbon and hydrogen atoms
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Phospholipids
Molecule consisting of two fatty acids and a phosphate group bond to a glycerol molecule
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Triglycerides:
Lipid composed of three fatty acids and a glycerol molecule
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Hydrophilic
Having affinity for water: dissolving in, absorbing, or mixing easily with water
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Hydrophobinot
Compatible with water: not dissolving in, absorbing, or mixing easily with water
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Proteins
Mitogen containing organic compound composed of bonded amino acid molecules
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Enzymes
Are proteins that participate in cellular metabolic processes with the ability to enhance the rate of reaction between biomolecules?
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Amino acids
Organic compound that includes an amino group and a carboxyl group the structural unit of protein molecule
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Conformation
- Three dimensional structure of a protein
- Primary structure of a peptide or protein is the linear sequence of its amino acid structural units, and partly comprises its overall bimolecular structure.
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Secondary structure
The protein structure characterized by folding of the peptide chain into an alpha helix, beta sheet, or random coil. See also primary structure
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Tertiary structure
The three-dimensional structure of a protein or nucleic acid. Amino acids form secondary structures such as alpha helices, beta sheets, and random
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Quaternary structure
The structure that is formed by the joining together of two or more proteins or nucleic acids.
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Denature
To change the nature or natural qualities of. To change (a protein) by chemical or physical means
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Amino group ,
In chemistry, functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom attached by single bonds to hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, aryl groups,
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Carbonyl group
A group of atoms that consists of a carbon atom covalently attached to an oxygen atom by a double bond: C = O. The carbon atom, to satisfy its
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Central carbon atom
Of an amino acid is bonded to a hydrogen atom, an amine group, a carboxylic
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R group
Is the chemical group attached to the alpha carbon in an amino acid? In proteins all amino acids have the same basic structure and vary only in their R group
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