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Breeching
A duct which transports combustion gases from a boiler or heater to chimney/stack. Also called a flue.
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Bridging Encapsulant
A coating applied to the surface of ACM that acts as barrier sealing asb fibers from env.
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Cat I Non-friable ACM
- ACM packings, gaskets, resilient floor covering, & asphalt roofing products containing > 1% asb.
- Defined by USEPA NESHAP regulation.
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Category II Non-friable ACM
- Any ACM not Cat I...
- Ex. asb cement products
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Chrysotile
- Only asb-form mineral of the serpentine group.
- Most common form used.
- White asb
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Alveoli
Located in clusters around the respiratory bronchioles of the lungs - where true respiration occurs.
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Cilia
Tiny hair-like structures in windpipe & bronchi, which beat upward to force out particles, fibers, & liquids up & out of lungs.
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Claims-Made Insurance
Form of ins which a claim is allowed only if ins is in effect when claim is made; when injury or effect is observed.
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Occurrence Insurance
Form of ins which a claim is allowed regardless of when claim is filed. Occurrence could be the time of first exposure.
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Class I Asb work
- Removal of surfacing or TSI ACM/PACM.
- Defined by OSHA Asb Construction Standard
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Class II Asb work
- Removal of ACM/PACM that's not surfacing or TSI.
- OSHA Construction Standard
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Class III Asb Work
- Repair & maintnc activities involving disturbance of ACM/PACM - up to 1 glovebag/disposal bag
- OSHA Construction Standard
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Class IV Asb work
- Housekeeping/custodial activities where ACM/PACM may be contacted/disturbed.
- OSHA Construction Standard
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Unclassified Operations**
Any other type of activity covered under the OSHA Contruction Standard's scope
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Competent Person
- OSHA - one capable of:
- identifying existing asb hazards in workplace and selecting appropriate control strategy for asb exposure
- has authority to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate hazard
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Critical Barrier
One or > layers of plastic sealed at openings to work area, or other physical barrier sufficient to prevent airborne asb from migrating to adj area
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Crocidolite
- Amphibole group
- Strongest of asb minerals
- Minor commercial use
- Blue asb
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Decon Area
- Enclosed area adj & connected to the regulated area
- For Class I activities will consist of: equipment room, shower area, & clean room
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Demolition
Wrecking/taking out any load-barring structural member
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Encapsulation
Use of an agent to seal the surface or penetrate the bulk of ACM.
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Enclosure
A resilient structure built or sprayed around ACM designed to prevent disturbance & contain released fibers.
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Excursion Limit (EL)
- A level of airborne fibers specified by OSHA as a short term excursion level.
- Current EL = 1.0 f/cc of air, over a 30-min time-weighted ave (measured w phase contrast microscopy)
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f/cc
Fibers per cubic centimeters of air
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General Liability Insurance
Covers the insured for damage to property & person caused by insured's negligence.
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Hazard Assessment
Interpretation & evaluation of physical assessment data in order to set abatement priorities & rankings are based on anticipated exposure to asbestos fibers.
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HEPA
High Efficiency Particulate Air
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HEPA Filter
Retains 99.97% particles 0.3 micrometers in diameter.
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LEA
Local Education Agency - Authority responsible for complying w AHERA
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Misc Material
- Building materials that are not TSI or surfacing materials (ie. floor/ceiling tiles)
- AHERA defined
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PEL
- Permissible Exposure Limit
- OSHA defined occupational exposure standard
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NEA
Negative Exposure Assessment - data demonstrated by employer verifying employee exposure is below PELs as defined by OSHA
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Negative Pressure Respirators
Respirator functions by user breathing in air through a filter.
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NESHAP
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants - EPA regulation 40 CFR subpart M, Part 61
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NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health - est 1970
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Operations & Maintenance Plan (O&M)
Specific procedures & practices developed for the interim control of ACMs in buildings until removed.
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OSHA
- Occupational Safety & Health Administration - est from Occupational Safety & Health Act of 1970
- Enforcement of health in workplace environment
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OSHA Asb PEL
- Level of airborne fibers spedified by OSHA as occupational standard for asb.
- Current asb PEL = 0.1 f/cc air per 8 hr time-weighted average (meas phase contrast micro)
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Phase Contrast Microscopy (PCM)
Optical microscopic technique used for the counting of fibers in air samples, but does not distinguish fiber types.
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Plinum
- Horizontal space designed to transport air thru bldg.
- Commonly the space btwn dropped ceiling & floor above.
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Pleura
Thin membrane surrounding the lungs, which lines the internal surface of the chest cavity.
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Point Counting
Uses polarized light microscope - stage & cross hair reticle used to count only particles directly under the cross
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Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM)
Optical microscopy technique to analyzed asb bulk samples, illuminated w polarized light to distinguish btwn diff types asb fibers by shape & unique optical properties.
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Positive Pressure Respirators
Function by providing pressured air to the user.
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Protection Factor (PF)
- Reflects degree of protection provided by respirator
- Calculated by: outside containment concentration/inside mask conc
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PACM
Presumed ACM - asb-containing thermal system insulation & surf materials found in a bldg constructed no later than 1980 (OSHA reg).
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Qualitative Fit Test
Method to test respirator seal by covering the inhalation/exhalation valves while lightly breathing in or out to determine presence of leaks. AKA - User Seal Check
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Quantitative Fit Testing
Method to test respirator seal by calculating conc of contaminants inside vs. outside mask.
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RACM
- 1. Friable
- 2. Cat I non-fri that has become friable
- 3. Cat I that will be or has been subjected to grinding/cutting.... demo/renov
- 4. Cat II non-fri that has high prob of becoming friable via renov/demo
- USEPA NESHAP reg subpart 61.141 of 40 CFR Part 61
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Synergistic
Combo of effects which is greater than the sum of two independent effects
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Tort
A legal wrong due to negligence
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Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
- Method of microscopy that uses electron beam focused onto then sample; beam penetrates (transmits) through the sample; diff in densities makes image on fluorescent screen where fibers can be counted.
- Air sample analysis
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