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When do you assume the proper position for formation when taxiing?
Upon pulling out of the parking area
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How do you consider wind when taxiing as a formation?
Try to position number 2 upwind to minimize FOD hazards and dust from affecting vision
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What is a wing takeoff?
When both aircraft maintain formation integrity and position during the entire takeoff roll
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What do are some things to consider when positioning number 2?
- If crosswinds are over 5 knots, put number 2 on the upwind side to avoid wake turbulence
- If weather is a factor, place number 2 on the outside of the first turn out of traffic
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As number 2, how do you set the 30° fingertip position on the runway?
taxi forward until number 1's aft wingtip light visually aligns with the forward end of their engine exhaust stack
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As number 1, what is your takeoff power setting?
85%-95%
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As number 2, what is your takeoff power setting?
as required to maintain fore/aft position
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If number 1 aborts, what happens to number 2?
number 2 continues the takeoff
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As number 1, what should you check as you pass 110 KIAS?
check that number 2 is safely airborne then retract the gear/flaps
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As number 1, when can you make your first turn?
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If weather/winds are not a factor, were should you position number 2 on the runway?
on the inside of the first turn
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what is an interval takeoff?
the flight performs separate takeoffs using timing to determine the interval between brake release
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When do you use an interval takeoff? Minimum weather required?
- winds and runway condition are too hazardous
- 1500/3
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What power settings are used for an interval takeoff?
MAX
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During an interval takeoff, as number 1, when can you reduce power? Power setting?
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As number 2, how long after number 1 begins takeoff roll do you release your brakes?
time for 6 seconds from number 1 releasing brakes
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During an interval takeoff and number 1 aborts, what does number 2 do?
Aborts
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what is the basis for all formation flying?
fingertip formation
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When leading fingertip, limit you maneuvering to ___ bank, ____ Gs and ___ KIAS minimum.
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SMART
- keep number 1 in SIGHT at all times
- MONITOR number 1's position
- remain AWARE of routing and collision potential
- monitor RADIOS
- TRUST number 1
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what is the approximate angle and distance for the wing fingertip?
30° back; 10' wingtip clearance
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30° fingertip line references:
- align number 1's aft wingtip with the front edge of edge of exhaust stack opening
- draw a line up from rear of pitot tube to match rear exhaust stack
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Vertical reference for fingertip?
number 1's exhaust stack should rest on his wing
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fingertip wingtip spacing:
number 2 should look directly down the forward edge of number 1's horizontal stabilizer
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How does the relative motion relate the 3 axes?
- Pitch - vertical
- Fore/aft - 30° line
- Lateral - wingtip spacing
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Axes priorities:
- vertical spacing
- fore/aft spacing
- lateral/ wingtip spacing
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What is the crossunder used for?
- to place number 2 on the desired side to benefit clearing
- avoid number 2 being blinded by the sun
- landing pattern
- repositioning for a maneuver
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(T/F) never pass under number 1 during a crossunder.
True
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what is the crossunder signal from number 1?
number 1 dips his wing in the direction of the change
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What is route formation?
- provides flexibility to flight
- number 2 to check systems, clear and relax
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What is route formation position for number 2?
- maintains between 2 ship widths out to 500'
- Abeam number 1, not to go behind the 30° line
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When must number 2 breakout?
- Directed by number 1
- Visual contact with number 1 is lost
- Unable to rejoin or remain in formation without crossing under or in front of number 1
- Anytime his or her presence constitutes a hazard
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what are the steps for number 2 to breakout?
- clear in direction of break
- break away from number 1
- notify number 1
- use power/ speed brake as necessary to expedite separation
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What are the steps for number 1's breakout?
- maintain current maneuver and power
- if number 2 not is sight, maneuver to expedite separation
- coordinate rejoin
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