Unit 3: Power Review

portion labeled a where the energy is stored.

portion labeled b, one of the nitrogenous bases.

portion labeled c, a 5 carbon sugar.

sum of all chemical activity in an organism

the amount of calories a person would burn doing nothing all day

a calculation of body health that only takes into account the weight and height of a person.

maintenance of a stable internal environment

enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glyceron

an enzyme that breaks down proteins into peptides in the stomach

enzymes that break down dissaccharides into monosaccharides

enzyme in the mouth and pancreas that break down starch into dissaccharides

a process that adds water to break down large molecules into smaller ones

a process that removes water to build larger molecules from smaller ones

a biological catalyst, most of the time a protein that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions in a living organism

mastication, peristalsis, churning and dehydration are all examples of this.

enzymatic breakdown is an example of this type of digestion

structure labeled a site of mastication and initial chemical digestion of carbohydrates, makes a bolus to swallow

labeled b. largest internal organ, produces bile for the chemical digestion of lipids, prepares nitrogen wastes for disposal, and detoxifies poisonous chemicals in the blood.

labeled c. muscular sac in which excess bile from the liver is stored

labeled d. organ divided into cecum, ascending, transverse, descending and rectum, absorbs water and forms feces

labeled e. eliminates solid waste, defecation

labeled f. muscular tube that connects the pharynx with the stomach and does peristalsis

labeled g. saclike expansion, strong complex muscular wall that churns food and is initial site of chemical digestion of proteins

labeled h. secretes the majority of digestive enzymes into small intestine, also secretes hormones for sugar regulation into the blood

labeled i. connects the stomach with the colon, consists of duodenum, jejunum and ileum, finishes chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients from food.

c. volume of air remaining in lungs after a forced breath out

b. the total amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs after a normal exhale

a. the volume of air that can be forced in after a normal breath in

g. The volume of air breathed in and out without conscious effort

passive transport that allows oxygen to move from the alveoli of the lungs into the capillaries and from the capillaries to the cells of the body

flow of oxygen from the outside to the alveoli

which lung has 3 lobes

how many lobes does the left lung have?

formula for cellular respiration

what happens to the diaphragm when we inhale

what happens to the diaphragm when we exhale?

a. cartilagenous structure that houses the vocal cords and has an epiglottis above it.

b. spongy structure that holds air

c. small branches within the lungs that carry air from the bronchi to the alveoli

d. smooth muscle structure that helps with inhalation and exhalation.

e. connects the nose to the mouth

f. cartilagenous structure that passes air from the larynx to the bronchi

h. cartilagenous tubes that branch off of the trachea to each lung.

j. small sacs at the end of each bronchiole where gas exchange between the respiratory and circulatory system occurs

hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that controls reabsorption of water in the nephrons of the kidneys

hormone secreted by the adrenal glands that controls the reabsorption of sodium in the nephrons of the kidneys.

order of urine from the collecting duct to the outside of the body

chemical that inhibits the release of ADH and causes the nephrons of the kidneys to excrete water

a. location of reabsoption of NaCl, water, K+ and HCO₃

b. site of secretion of urea, water, NaCl, K+, creatinine

c. where RBC, WBC, and platelets leave the glomerulus

d. where whole blood enters the glomerulus to be filtered

e. ball of capillaries, site of filtration

f. capsule that surrounds the glomerulus and serves as the first site of the filtrate

g. where whole blood comes into the nephron

i. collect filtered blood to return to circulation

j. site of reabsorption of water and NaCl, part of nephron that extends into the renal medulla

functional unit of the kidney

part of the hypothalamus that regulates the amount of water in the blood

list of things that are reabsorbed into the blood

list of things that are secreted into the urine

part of the kidney that includes the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, and proximal and distal convoluted tubule

part of the kidney that houses the collecting duct and loop of Henle

sequence of filtrate through the nephron

sequence of blood through the nephron

part of urinalysis that test for color and clarity

part of urinalysis that tests for pH, glucose, ketones, specific gravity and proteins

part of urinalysis that tests for RBC, WBC, crystals and bacteria