Common metastatic sites for renal cell carcinoma is ___, ___ & ____.
Bone, Brain & Lung
Cancers manifest sites for renal pelvis are most commonly ______________
Transitional cell
Cancers manifesting in the renal cortex are most commonly ____________
Adenocarcinoma
TURB, urine cytology & cystoscopy are best in the detection of _________ cancers
bladder
Most _____ tumors arise in the posterior wall, Lateral wall & Trigone
bladder
List 3 etiologic factors for bladder cancer
dye working
chronic bladder infections
smoking
exposure to cadmium
previous pelvic irradiation
List 3 histologic types for bladder cancer
transitional cell
Squamous cell
Adenocarcinoma
Sarcoma
Lymphoma
When treating a patient with ____ carcinoma preoperatively the 3 portals should be large enough to include the
Obturator
External
Hypogastric & presacral nodes
Bladder
Define:
Cystectomy
surgical removal of the bladder
What is:
Chemotherapy drugs inserted directly into the bladder through a urinary catheter.
(Given weekly for 6-8 weeks with a holding time of about 2 hours)
Intravesical therapy
What does TURB stand for?
Transurethral resection of the bladder
What does IVP stand for?
Intravenous pyelogram
The ureters attach to the ____________ surface of the bladder
posterolateral
Renal cell carcinomas have immediate access to the blood route via the __________ & _____________
Inferior vena cava & abdominal aorta
The right kidney is slightly lower than the left due to the presence of the __________
Liver
the bladder is ____/____ to the cervix and ____ to the symphsis pubis
anterior/inferior
posterior
The bladder is ____/____ to the seminal vesicles and ______ to the ovaries
superior/medial
inferior
The most common presenting symptom of bladder cancer is __________
hematuria
A carcinogen linked to renal cell and bladder carcinomas found in radiation therapy departments is _____________
Cadmium
The ureters enter the kidneys at the ___ _____
Renal Pelvis
Urine passes from the bladder tot he outside of the body via the _____
Urethra
Why is it important that the bladder be empty for treatment