BIO 111 Test 1

Loss of many species due to climate change or other factors.

Time of dominate by forests that are now our fossil fuel

Species that have 70S ribosomes

Obligate anaerobe that produces endospores

Phylum that colonizes as a mass with membranes between nuclei and move as a slug

Organism the is know to have heterocysts, cells capable of nitrogen fixation

Phylum of organisms is know for it filipoda and shells

Clade of organisms move and feed by pseudopodia.

Cause the death of millions in 1300's and its vector is a flea

a symbiont with a pea plant

Thermophiles that live in hot springs

Phylum that produces neurotoxins and made up a large part o the phytoplankton

Dionflagellate

organelle give structural support to Phylum Euglenophyta

Alteration of generations were both sporophyte and gametphyte look the same

A reaction of phytoplankton to disturbance

a bryophyte innovation to protect gametes

Stomata first developed on bryophytes

Innovation protects the plant from desiccation ultraviolet radiation and fungal infection

Used for vegetive reproduction in liverworts and found in cups

Part of capsule sensitive to humidity; opens up to release spores.

The group that gave rise to tracheophtyes

Tracheophyte innovation within the vascular tissue

The leaf type is typical of lycophytes

Fern group has two different leaf segments

The group that dominated in the carboniferous

Gymnosperms developed a protective layer around the seed

structure allowed for the independent movement of the microgametes to the megagametes across hostile territory

type of cone that adapted to fire

structure of the taxaceae was adapted after seed dispersal

A group that shares several characteristics with the angiosperms

The antagonist to auxin

responsible for stem elongation in response to light

plant growth regulator

necessary for the development of the embryo and nucellus

plant equal of an animal egg

major barrier to movement into roots

the main photosynthesis in desert plants

cup like structure that captures insects

Group typically has scattered vascular bundles

Portion of secondary growth that is sloughed like a fingernail

• 1. Nucleotides and amino acids produced prior to the existence of cells
• 2. Nucleotides and amino acids became polymerized to form DNA, RNA and proteins.
• 3. Polymers enclosed in membranes 
• 4. Polymers enclosed in membranes acquired cellular properties.

Oxidation is prevented by the removal of oxygen another oxidizing gasses leaving only hydrogen and carbon monoxide

A coacervate is simply a liposome with enzymes in the lipid bilayer and the inside

Organisms that cosnist of more than one cell

When one organism lives inside the other (mitochondria and chloroplast)

• -New genetic variation in a population 
• -non-random mating
• -Migration between pop.
• -Genetic drifts 
• -Natural Selection

• Homologous derived form the same ancestor but have diverged into different uses and designs. 
• Analogous structures have different organisms but have evolved to do the same job

The geographical separation of a population, physical barrier like a mountain range or river

Faster in smaller populations

Variation allows differences, heredity allow individuals to pass on characteristics and reproductive success allows certain characteristics to survive and reproduce better

Ex. Mice that differ in color form white withe to dark borne----- the white and dark brown survive. (graph has two humps)

Ex. Mice the brown to darkest brown mice survive

Ex. Mice the brown (middle color) mouse survives

a single species is evolved into a different species

Species diverges into two or more species

Behaviors or physiological processes that prevent the members of two different species that mate from producing offspring

geographic isolation leads to divergence

A new species evolves within in the ancestral species

When there is abundant resources and founder events

They are built based o the presence of shared characters

a character inherited from a distant ancestor

A recently derived character of a lineage

Stain is blue or purple, only a single cells wall

Red or pink, has lipopolysaccharides

Binary fission

Decomposition of organic material, cycling of major material, interaction with other host-pathogen. soil formation and degradation of waste

Toxin affects muscle contraction

Infects rodents, tranferred to humans by fleas. It is gram negative

Infects wounds, common in respiratory tract an on skin. It is gram positive

Common soil bacterium, perhaps the oldest living organism on earth

Indicator of water pollution, and capable of N2 fixation

Soil inhabiting Gram negative, member of bean family. important for crop rotation

Tumor making , infect plant wounds

Methanogens and extreme halophiles

Hot, acidic environments, but also most abundant in marine environments

not common, high temps hydothermal environments

Cannot synthesize lipids

Chemolithoautotrophic amino oxidizers

Algae, Protozoa and fungus

Photosynthesis-plants and algae

Food is taken i by engulfing it-Animals

Free floating, Sessile(fixed in one place) and Motile(flagella, pseudopodia)