-
Why is geography important?
- independence of the world
- global communications
- places and regions
-
Physical geography
weather patterns, landforms
-
human geography
population change, human diseases, environmental pollution
-
latitude
left to right (equator)
-
longitude
up and down (meridian)
-
absolute location
exact location with coordinates
-
relative location
location in relation to something else
-
site
physical attributes like terrain or water source
-
situation
- location of a place relative to other places
- accessibility to water or closeness to population centers
-
cognitive images
the map in your head
-
absolute distance
exact physical distance in miles
-
relative distance
expressed by time, effort, or cost
-
cognitive distance
how we personally feel it is
-
friction of distance
- time and cost to overcome that movement
- harder to get there, the less you go
-
distance-decay function
rate at which activity goes down with an increase in distance
-
absolute space
volume or surface area
-
relative space
- large or small
- region (pacific northwest)
-
cognitive space
how we personally see and interpret the space
-
accessibility
the easier to get to something the more likely you'll go more often
-
connectivity
how we connect places with other places
-
complementary
supply from one place, demand in another
-
transferability
- cost of movement
- moving coal or glass
-
time-space convergence
places move closer together due to travel or communication
-
intervening opportunites
determine volume of pattern, movement and flow, obstacles and how you think places interact
-
spatial diffusion
how something spreads over space and time
-
expansion diffusion
how ideas or language spread, based on proximity
-
hierachial diffusion
allows skipping from one location to another
-
hearth areas
geographic settings where new practices have developed and from which they have spread
-
Four main hearth areas
- Middle East- Jordan, Israel, Turkey
- South Asia- Bangladesh, Burma
- China
- Americas - Mexico, and Eastern America
-
Core regions
- those that dominate trade, control the most advanced technologies, and have high levels of productivity within diversified economies.
- ex. Holland, England, France
-
Peripheral Regions
- dependent and disadvantageous trading relationships
- 3rd world countries
-
semiperipheral region
- are able to exploit peripheral regions but are themselves exploited and dominated
- 2nd world
- Brazil, South Korea
-
sustainability
interdependence of the economy, the environment, and the social well being.
-
silk road
- connected hearth areas. links eastern Europe to the far east
- Turkey, Syria, Afghanistan, India, china, Japan
|
|