Chm Chapter 1

Process used by scientists to do research and verify work of others.

A tentative explanation of observartions

This is the standard of comparison.

What you compare other things to.

factors that remain unchanging

An explanation of a body of experiments and observations (supported by facts)

Summary of accepted facts of nature

(formula usually)

solid, liquid, and gas

• Definite shape
• Definite volume
• Low energy

• NO definite shape
• Definite volume
• Moderate energy
• Molecules move past each other

• NO definite shape
• NO definite volume
• High energy level
• Molecules move fast

Anything with MASS and VOLUME

2 or more substances

• is a form of matter that has a definite  composition and distinct properties
• (like color, smell and taste...)

Beakers with just Na, w/ just CO_{2 ...}

A mixture that is uniformed

aka solutions

(lemonade, gasoline, steel, dissolved sugar in water...)

A mixture that is NOT uniformed.

(dirt, blood, milk...)

Something that can be observed/measured without changing composition of a substance.

Ex: color, malleable (in sheets), ductile (into wires), melting/ boiling point

The ability of a substance to combine with another substance.

Ex: flammable, reactivity, combustibility

A change that happens without altering the chemical identity

Ex: cutting paper, phase changes, sugar dissolves...

Change that alters the chemical identity of a substance

Ex: rust, corrosion, combustion, baking, plants growing

Prop. that depends on amount of matter

Ex: mass, volume...

a Prop. that does NOT depend on amount of matter.

Ex: density, temperature, color, conducts elect...

• When # is in the thousands or greater
• and
• when # is in the thousandths or smaller

Ex:   .00358  29,456

• Revised metric system (system internationale)
• 

• Amount of substance- mole
• Electric current- ampere
• Length- m
• Mass- kg
• Time- second

Mean King Henry Died Unexpectedly Drinking Chocolate Milk Monday

• T--G--M--K h da U d c m--μ--n--p
• 

1 in. = 2.54 cm

1 mL = 1cm³

1 mile= 5280 ft.

• Freezing = 0°C
• Boiling = 100°C

K = °C + 273.15

°C = K - 273.15

°F = °C (1.8) + 32

D= mass/volume

Decimal places!

Significant Figures (Sig Figs)

• 3
• 6
• 5

Using conversion factors to convert from one unit to another