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What is the scientific method?
Process used by scientists to do research and verify work of others.
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Hypothesis?
A tentative explanation of observartions
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What is a CONTROL in a experiment?
This is the standard of comparison.
What you compare other things to.
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What is a CONSTANT in a experiment?
factors that remain unchanging
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What is theory?
An explanation of a body of experiments and observations (supported by facts)
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What is a law?
Summary of accepted facts of nature
(formula usually)
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What are the 3 states of matter?
solid, liquid, and gas
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Solid:
Shape?
Volume?
Energy?
- Definite shape
- Definite volume
- Low energy
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Liquid:
Shape?
Volume?
Energy?
Molecules movement?
- NO definite shape
- Definite volume
- Moderate energy
- Molecules move past each other
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Gas:
Shape?
Volume?
Energy?
Molecule movement?
- NO definite shape
- NO definite volume
- High energy level
- Molecules move fast
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What is matter?
Anything with MASS and VOLUME
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What is a mixture?
2 or more substances
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What is a pure substance?
- is a form of matter that has a definite composition and distinct properties
- (like color, smell and taste...)
Beakers with just Na, w/ just CO 2 ...
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What is a Homogeneous Mixture?
A mixture that is uniformed
aka solutions
(lemonade, gasoline, steel, dissolved sugar in water...)
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What is a Heterogeneous Mixture?
A mixture that is NOT uniformed.
(dirt, blood, milk...)
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What is a Physical PROPERTY?
Give Examples.
Something that can be observed/measured without changing composition of a substance.
Ex: color, malleable (in sheets), ductile (into wires), melting/ boiling point
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What is a chemical PROPERTY?
Give Examples.
The ability of a substance to combine with another substance.
Ex: flammable, reactivity, combustibility
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What is a physical CHANGE?
Give Examples.
A change that happens without altering the chemical identity
Ex: cutting paper, phase changes, sugar dissolves...
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What is a chemical CHANGE?
Give Examples.
Change that alters the chemical identity of a substance
Ex: rust, corrosion, combustion, baking, plants growing
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What is an Extensive Property?
Example?
Prop. that depends on amount of matter
Ex: mass, volume...
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What is an Intensive Property?
Example?
a Prop. that does NOT depend on amount of matter.
Ex: density, temperature, color, conducts elect...
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When do you use scientific notation?
- When # is in the thousands or greater
- and
- when # is in the thousandths or smaller
Ex: .00358 29,456
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What is the SI system?
- Revised metric system (system internationale)
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State the Unit for the Quantity.
Amount of substance?
Electric current?
Length?
Mass?
Time?
- Amount of substance- mole
- Electric current- ampere
- Length- m
- Mass- kg
- Time- second
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Metric System memorization...Mean?
Mean King Henry Died Unexpectedly Drinking Chocolate Milk Monday
- T--G--M--K h da U d c m--μ--n--p
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1 inch= cm?
1 in. = 2.54 cm
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1 mile = feet?
1 mile= 5280 ft.
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Celsius
Freezing point?
Boiling point? (of pure water at sea level)
- Freezing = 0°C
- Boiling = 100°C
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Formula to convert
Celsius⇒ Kelvin
K = °C + 273.15
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Formula to convert
Kelvin⇒ Celsius
°C = K - 273.15
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Formula to convert
Celsius⇒ Fahrenheit
°F = °C (1.8) + 32
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Formula for Density?
D= mass/volume
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When adding or subtracting express answer in lowest # of?
Decimal places!
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When multiplying or dividing express answer in lowest # of?
Significant Figures (Sig Figs)
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How many sig figs in each number?
0.0000532
123543.
1.0032
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What is dimensional analysis?
Using conversion factors to convert from one unit to another
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