Exam I.4

a.       Class Ulvophyceae, the Ulvophytes, Consists of Mainly Marine Species
                                                              i.      Ulvophyeae
1.       __, but important representatives are found in __
a.       Most ulvophytes are __ or __, or they may be __ and __
                                                                                                                                      i.      Ulvophytes have a __ in which the __ persists; the __is persistent through __

1.       The flagellated cells of ulvophytes are __ and __, like those of Charophyceae, but in contrast to motile charophytes, ulvophytes are nearly c__ and have __ resembling those of the chlorophytes
2.       The flagellated cells may have __ as do those of Chlorophyceae
The flagellated cells of charophyceae are always __

1.       Ulvophytes are the only green algae that have an __ with __ or a __, dominant life history involving __
2.       One line of Ulvophyceae consists of __with __ cells

a.       One genera of this group, Cladophora, is widespread in both salt water and fresh water, sometimes forming nuisance __, slimy and stinky, in freshwater habitats
                                                                                                                                      i.      Its filaments commonly grow in __, which are either free-floating or attached to rocks and vegetation
                                                                                                                                    ii.      The filaments __ and __ near the ends
1.       Each cell contains __ and a __ with many __

                                                                                                                                      i.      Marine species have an __; most of the freshwater species however, do not have an __, apparently having lost this characteristic during the course of their __

1.       A second kind of growth habit among the Ulvophyceae is that of __
a.       This familiar alga is common along __ throughout the world
                                                                                                                                      i.      Individuals of Ulva consists of a __ that is two cells thick, and a meter or more long in exceptionally large individuals                 

1.       The __is anchored to the substrate by a __ produced by extensions of the cells at its base
2.       Each cell of the __contains a __ & __
a.       Ulva is __, meaning one flagellated gamete is larger than the other; it has an __like that of many other Ulvophyceae

1.       The __marine algae, so-called because of their __cells, constitute additional evolutionary lines in the Ulvophyceae
a.       They are characterized by very __ cells that are rarely __
                                                                                                                                      i.      The multinucleate cytoplasm is arranged around a __

1.       These algae, which are very diverse, develop through repeated __ without the formation of __, and consist of enormous single cells, some as long as a meter
2.       Cell walls are produced only in the __. which are diploid with only gametes s haploid cells
a.       Ex: codium

                                                              i.      __is a spongy mass of densely intertwined __
1.       Strains may be __, and nuisance growths of this seaweed spread in temperate zone
a.       Caulerpa has become __
b.      Ventricaria appears __, but is a large, __ attached to the substrate by several rhizoids
c.       Another well known siphonous green algae is __

                                                              i.      Halimeda and related genera of siphonous green algae are notable for their __
1.       When these algae die and disintegrate, they play a major role in the generation of the __that is so characteristic of tropical waters
a.       A number of genera of algae, including Halimeda, contain __ that significantly reduce feeding by herbivorous fish

                                                                                                                                      i.      Fronds of Halieda expand and grow rapidly at night, building up __ that __, which are active mainly during the day
2.       Within an hour after sunrise the fronds turn from white to green as chloroplasts move __ from the __, or lower portions, of the __and begin to photosynthesize rapidly
a.       At night, the chloroplasts move to the __, rendering the algae less appetizing to herbivore