Percutaneous Administration

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  1. Absorption can be influenced by
    • A. Drug concentration
    • B. Length of time med is in contact with the skin
    • C. Size of affected area
    • D. Thickness of skin
    • E. Hydration of tissues
    • F. Degree of skin disruption
  2.                          administration refers to application of medications to the skin or mucous membranes for absorption
    Percutaneous
  3. Methods of Percutaneous administration include:
    • 1. Topical
    • 2. inhalation
    • 3. instillation of solution onto the mucous membranes of mouth, eye, ear, nose, or vagina
  4. Primary advantage of using percutaneous route:
    localized to the one spot
  5. Topical preparations can be used to:
    • 1. cleanse and debride a wound
    • 2. Rehydrate the skin
    • 3. Reduce inflammation
    • 4. Relieve localized signs and symptoms, such as itching and rash
    • 5. Provide a protective barrier
    • 6. Reduce a thickening of the skin, such as that involved with callus formation
  6. semisolid emulsions containing medicinal agents for external application; generally nongreasy and can be removed with water; used as moisturizing agent.
    creams
  7. usually aqueous preparations that contain suspended materials; commonly used as soothing agents to protect the skin and relieve rashes and itching.
    lotions
  8. semisolid preparations of medicinal substances in an oily bas such as lanolin or petrolatum; can be applied directly to the skin or mucous membranes and generally cannot be removed easily with water; has prolonged contact with the skin
    ointments
  9. provides controlled release of a prescribed medication through a semipermeable membrane for several hours to 3 weeks when applied to intact skin
    Transdermal Disk or patch
  10. Examples of Transdermal patches
    • A. Nitroglycerin
    • B. Clonidine ( for HBP)
    • C. Estrogen
    • D. Nicotine
    • E. Fentanyl
  11. How long are nitroglycerin patches worn
    10-14 hours followed by a drug-free period of 10-12 hours
  12.                           can take up to 12 hours after application to be effective in the management of pain.
    Fentanyl
  13. What are finely ground particles of medication contained in a talc base
    Powders
  14.                           tablets are designed to be placed under the tongue for dissolution and absorption through the vast network of blood vessels in this area.
    Subligual
  15.                       tablets are designed to be held in the buccal cavity (between the cheek and molar teeth) for absorption from the blood vessels of the cheek.
    Buccal tablets
  16. Medications for use in the eye are labeled                
    Opthalmic
  17. Overuse of nose drops can cause a "                " which causes the symptoms to become worse
    Rebound effect
  18.                      are sprayed into the throat by a nebulizer
    Nebulae
  19. Devices known as                   or                    have been designed for patients who cannot coordinate the release of the medication with inhalation
    extenders and spacers
  20. Eye drops should be instilled on the :
    Lower conjunctival Sac

Card Set Information

Author:
 Jyn1983
ID:
 261172
Filename:
 Percutaneous Administration
Updated:
2014-02-10 06:14:59
Tags:
Pharmacology Chapter
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Description:
Chapter 8
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