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Neurons?
receive and send signals from sense organs and other neurons. About 100 billion (like computers)
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Three types of neurons?
Sensory: respond to sensory like eyes, ears, nose, throat, and touch
Motor: brain and spinal cord to muscles for movement
Interneurons: link sensory and motor neurons. (*Most neurons)
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Brain Circuits?
Big clumps of neurons
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Terminal Buttons
release chemicals when neurons connect
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Cell body?
Controls activities and integrates inputs
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Dendrites?
Receive info from other Neurons.
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Action potential?
shifting change that moves down the axon. Basis of neural communication.
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All of none law?
If neuron is sufficiently stimulated it fires. Either the action occurs or it does not.
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Myelin?
fatty substance that helps impulses travel down axon
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Synapse?
Where communication between neurons occur
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Dopamine?
affects motivation, rewards movements, and learning. Treat Parkinsons, ADHD, Depression, Schizo
Drugs: Cocaine, Amphetamine
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Serotonin?
Mood and sleep. Treats OCD, insomnia, depression
Drugs: Prozac, tricyclia
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Agonist?
mimics effects of neurotransmitters
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Antagonists?
Blocks a particular receptor
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Peripheral Nervous System?
Allows brain to affect organs of the body and receives info from them
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Autonomic Nervous System
- Smooth muscle
- Digestion / circulation
- Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
- (Emergencies) (Slows things down)
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Sensory Somatic
Carries info from skin and sensory organs to central nervous systems. Includes somatic motor system.
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Visible Brain
Lobes and Landmarks
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Parietal Lobe
Distance, movement, touch
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Frontal Lobe
Makes us human different. Planning, specific memories, speech control, emotion
Contains motor strip
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Temporal Lobe
Sound, memory, and language
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Corpus Callosum
Large bundle of axons that connects two halves of the brain together
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Cerebral Cortex
pinkish gray outer layer of brain
- Most mental processes
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Sulci
Creases of the brain
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Gyri
Areas of brain that bulge
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Limbic System
emotion, motivation, fighting, fleeing, feeding, and sex.
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Hippocampus
Storing new memories
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Hippo-campus
store new information elsewhere in the brain
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
most common type of neuroimaging
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