-
Observe head position for
-
Inspect skull and scalp for the following:
- size
- shape
- symmetry
- lesions
- trauma
-
Inspect facial features including the following:
- symmetry
- shape
- unusual features
- tics
- characteristic facies
- pallor or pigmentation variations
-
palpate the head and scalp for tenderness especailly over areas of
frontal and maxillary sinuses
-
-
Inspect the neck for the following:
- symmetry
- alignment of trachea
- fullness
- masses, webbing, and skinfolds
-
Palpate the neck, note the following:
- tracheal position
- tracheal tug
- movement of hyoid bone and cartilages with swallowing lymph nodes
-
bruit in the skull suggests
- cerebral aneurysm
- vascular anomaly
- temporal arthritis
-
the thyroid is approximately ____ cm, and the ____ lobe is often 25% larger
-
A bruit my be ascultated if the thyroid is
enlarged (in a hypermetabolic state)
-
Thyroid gland should be
firm but pliable
-
skull is composed of _____ fused bones
7
-
Bones of skull
- Frontal- 2
- Parietal-2
- Temporal-2
- Occipital-1
-
Face bones
- Frontal (fused)- forhead
- Nasal
- Zygomatic- cheek
- Ethmoid- under nose
- Lacrimal- eye
- Sphenoid- near temple
- Maxillary- above teeth
- Mandible- chin
-
Palpebral fissures
eye lids
-
nasolabial folds
parenthesis
-
facial muscles are innervated by cranial nerves...
V and VII
-
______ artery is the major accessible artery of the face
temporal
-
Three paired salivary glands
- Parotid gland: anterior to ear, above mandible
- Submandibular gland: medial to mandible at angle of jaw
- Sublingual gland: anterior to floor of mouth
-
Posterior triangle formed by
- Trapezius muscle
- Sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Clavicle
-
Anterior triangle formed by
- Medial border of sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Mandible
-
The neck contains
- Trachea
- Esophagus
- Internal and external jugular veins
- Common carotid
- Internal and external carotid arteries
- Thyroid
-
What is the largest endocrine gland
thyroid
-
Thyroid produces what hormones
- T3: thyroxine
- T4: triiodothyronine
-
Stiff neck could be due to
- neck injury or strain, head injury, swelling
- fever, bacterial or viral illness
-
Things to note with thyroid problem
- Changed temperature preference
- swelling of neck
- change in texture of hair, skin, or nails
- change in emotional stability
- increased prominence of eyes (exopthalmos)
- Tachycardia, palpitations
- Change in menstural flow
- Change in bowel habits
- Medications:thyroid preparations
-
Techniques used on head and face
- inspection
- palpation
- percussion
- auscultation
-
Percussion is not usually performed on head and face, but the exception is for
hypocalcemia
Percussion on the masseter muscle may produce a hyperactive masseteric reflex, Chovastek's sign
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