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are used by just about every organization, and today, manyhomes have them as well.
Local area networks (LANs)
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is two or more computers that exchange data.
network
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is a group of these computers that are confined to a small geographic area,usually one building.
local area network (LAN)
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Setting up a LAN requires
- computers with network adapters,
- central connecting devices to connect those computers together,
- and a numbering scheme (suchas IP addresses)
- Set-up might also includeservers,
- some type of protective device (such as a firewall), and
- connections to perimeternetworks that are adjacent to the LAN.
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requires computers with network adapters, central connectingdevices, and some type of medium to tie it all together, be it cabled or wireless connections.
LAN
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real reasons that organizations need networks?
- • Sharing: Networks permit the sharing of files, databases, and media.
- • Communication: Networks are critical for email, instant messaging, and faxing capabilities.
- • Organization: Networks centralize data and make it more accessible, which increases theefficiency and speed with which this information can be accessed.
- • Money: A network should ultimately save a company money, often by aiding in thebudgeting process and/or increasing productivity.
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is any information that helps describe,define, and otherwise explain how computers are connected in a physical and logical way.
Network documentation
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is a common tool used for network documentation
Microsoft Visio
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This is the most basicof central connecting devices (sometimes referred to as CCDs);
hub.
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networked computers, known as
hosts
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means that the data is sentto every host on the network.
Broadcasting
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is used to centralize data and share it (or serve it) withother computers on the network.
A server
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usually acts as a client on the network, most likely getting its information from the server. A PC can also store information locally.
PC
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As another type of client computer, a Mac canstore information locally or get it from the server.
A Mac (Macintosh) computer
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also known as a network interface card or NIC, is the device that enablesyou to send and receive data to and from your computer.
network adapter,
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RJ45 port is also known as
8P8C
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means that the network card cansend and receive data simultaneously.
Full duplex
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which means that the network adapter will send and receive data but not at the same time.
half duplex,
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connection can transceive(transmit and receive) twice as much information per second as a half duplex connection.
a full duplex
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means the transfer of one bit at a time
Serial data transfer
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is a set of rules that governthe transmission of data between network adapters and various central connecting devices.
Ethernet
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otherwise known as bit rate
data transfer rate
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is the cornerstone of networking because it defines the computer or host youare working on.
IP address
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is a group of four numbers that define what IP network the computer is a member of.
subnet mask
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acts as the central connecting device for the network.
wireless access point (WAP)
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is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were connected together in a normal fashion on one switch, regardless of their physical location.
virtual LAN
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(also known as a demilitarized zone or DMZ) is a small network that is set up separately from a company’s private LAN and the Internet
perimeter network
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defines the physical connections of hosts in a computer network.
network topology
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several types of physical topologies
bus, ring, star, mesh, and tree.
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By far, the most common topology is the
star topology.
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this is where the “bus” part of a star-bus topology comes in.
medium dependent interface(MDI) port
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is far and away the most common type of LAN standard used by today’s organizations.
Ethernet
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is a group of networking technologies that define how information is sent and received between network adapters, hubs, switches, and other devices.
Ethernet
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is a group of bytes packaged by a network adapter for transmission across the network;
frame
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defines carrier sense multiple access with collision detection or CSMA/CD.
IEEE 802.3
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is an architecture that distributes applications between servers such as Windows Server 2008 and client computers such as Windows 7 or Windows Vista machines.
client-server model
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stores files for computers to share.
A file server
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controls printers that can be connected directly to the serveror (and more commonly) are connected to the network.
A print server
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houses a relational database made up of one or more files.
A database server
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A controlling server, such as a Microsoft domain controller, is incharge of user accounts, computer accounts, network time, and the general well-beingof an entire domain of computers and users.
Network controller
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include not just emailservers, but also fax, instant messaging, collaborative, and other types of messaging servers
Messaging servers
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are important to share data and provide information about acompany.
Web servers
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CTI is short for
Computer Telephony Integration.
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This means each computer has an equal ability to serve data and to access data, just like any other computer on the network.
Peer to peer
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