Understanding Local Area Networking Lesson 1

are used by just about every organization, and today, manyhomes have them as well.

is two or more computers that exchange data.

is a group of these computers that are confined to a small geographic area,usually one building.

Setting up a LAN requires

requires computers with network adapters, central connectingdevices, and some type of medium to tie it all together, be it cabled or wireless connections.

real reasons that organizations need networks?

is any information that helps describe,define, and otherwise explain how computers are connected in a physical and logical way.

is a common tool used for network documentation

This is the most basicof central connecting devices (sometimes referred to as CCDs);

networked computers, known as

means that the data is sentto every host on the network.

is used to centralize data and share it (or serve it) withother computers on the network.

usually acts as a client on the network, most likely getting its information from the server. A PC can also store information locally.

As another type of client computer, a Mac canstore information locally or get it from the server.

also known as a network interface card or NIC, is the device that enablesyou to send and receive data to and from your computer.

RJ45 port is also known as

means that the network card cansend and receive data simultaneously.

which means that the network adapter will send and receive data but not at the same time.

connection can transceive(transmit and receive) twice as much information per second as a half duplex connection.

means the transfer of one bit at a time

is a set of rules that governthe transmission of data between network adapters and various central connecting devices.

otherwise known as bit rate

is the cornerstone of networking because it defines the computer or host youare working on.

is a group of four numbers that define what IP network the computer is a member of.

acts as the central connecting device for the network.

is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were connected together in a normal fashion on one switch, regardless of their physical location.

(also known as a demilitarized zone or DMZ) is a small network that is set up separately from a company’s private LAN and the Internet

defines the physical connections of hosts in a computer network.

several types of physical topologies

By far, the most common topology is the

this is where the “bus” part of a star-bus topology comes in.

is far and away the most common type of LAN standard used by today’s organizations.

is a group of networking technologies that define how information is sent and received between network adapters, hubs, switches, and other devices.

is a group of bytes packaged by a network adapter for transmission across the network;

defines carrier sense multiple access with collision detection or CSMA/CD.

is an architecture that distributes applications between servers such as Windows Server 2008 and client computers such as Windows 7 or Windows Vista machines.

stores files for computers to share.

controls printers that can be connected directly to the serveror (and more commonly) are connected to the network.

houses a relational database made up of one or more files.

A controlling server, such as a Microsoft domain controller, is incharge of user accounts, computer accounts, network time, and the general well-beingof an entire domain of computers and users.

include not just emailservers, but also fax, instant messaging, collaborative, and other types of messaging servers

are important to share data and provide information about acompany.

CTI is short for

This means each computer has an equal ability to serve data and to access data, just like any other computer on the network.