Hair structure

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  1. The scientific study of hair and it's diseases is?
    Trichology
  2. A slender, thread like appendage of the skin is?
    Hair
  3. Hair is made up of hard protein called?
    Keratin
  4. Hair has no sense of feeling because...
    there are no nerve fibers in the hair shaft
  5. Hair has a pH of ....
    4.5-5.5
  6. Unlike skin, hair has no power of...
    self repair
  7. The average person loses how many hairs a day?
    75-150
  8. Hair is found all over the body expect for what two places?
    palms of hands and soles of feet
  9. The primary function of hair is what?
    protection and adornment
  10. The eyes are protected by what hairs?
    the eyelashes and eyebrows
  11. Hair grows and average of how many inches a month?
    1/2 inch
  12. Ethnic hair grows
    slower
  13. Age, overall health,diet, stress, medications, illness, and hormones are all factors that affect what?
    Hair growth
  14. The hair root is the portion of the hair located below the what?
    the surface of the scalp
  15. Tube-like depression or pocket in the skin that contains the hair root
    follicle
  16. the number of hair follicles for an adult human is estimated to be what?
    5 million
  17. Is related to the shape and size of the follicle
    Hair shape
  18. thick, club like structure that forms the lower part of the hair root
    hair bulb
  19. Wraps around the hair bulb allowing you to feel when someone touches your hair
    sensory never fibers
  20. the hair bulb fits over the____ and receives nutrients
    dermal papilla
  21. small cone shaped elevation located at the base of the hair follicle
    dermal papilla
  22. fits into the hair bulb  and contains the blood and provides nutrients needed for growth and growth
    dermal papilla
  23. Aids in the process of keratinization
    "living part of the hair"
    "mother of the hair"
    dermal papilla
  24. involuntary muscle fiber in the skin inserted at the base of the hair follicle
    arrector pili
  25. responds to fear and cold
    muscle contracts, makes the hair stand up straight, resulting in "goose bumps"
    arrector pili
  26. oil glands of the skin connected to the hair follicles
    sebaceous glands
  27. produces an oily substance called sebum which lubricates the hair and the skin
    sebaceous glands
  28. provides luster and pliability to the hair
    sebum
  29. causes oily hair and scalp
    overactive sebaceous glands
  30. causes dry hair and scalp
    under active sebaceous glands
  31. Amount of _____ produced depends on; metabolism, emotions, endocrine glands, blood circulation, and diet
    sebum
  32. the portion of the hair that projects above the skin
    hair shaft
  33. scale like cells
    outer most layer of the hair
    accounts for 10% to 25% of the composition of the hair
    cuticle
  34. overlapping transparent scale-like cells
    imbrications
  35. cuticle scales point.....
    downward
  36. A healthy cuticle is the hair's......
    defense against damage
  37. protects the cortex
    cuticle
  38. This ethnicity has the least amount of cuticle scales
    Caucasians
  39. This ethnicity has an intermediate amount of cuticle scales
    African-American
  40. This ethnicity has the largest amount of cuticle scales
    Asians
  41. A tough, compact cuticle results in....
    resistant hair
  42. weak, loosened cuticle results in.....
    porous hair
  43. solutions must have a pH above what in order to open the cuticle?
    4.5-5.5
  44. swelling of the cuticle layer makes the hair feel....
    dry and rough
  45. What can repeat opening and closing of the cuticle do?
    damage the cuticle leaving the hair more porous
  46. dirt and hairspray get caught in what layer of hair?
    cuticle
  47. elongated cells
    cortex
  48. middle layer of the hair
    largest layer
    makes up 75%-90% of hairs composition
    cortex
  49. Where all the chemical action takes place?
    In the cortex
  50. Contributes to the physical and chemical properties of the hair
    the cortex
  51. The bonds that allow the hair to be changed chemically
    chemical bonds
  52. Elasticity, texture, strength, and color are all what?
    Physical properties
  53. Grains of pigment that give the natural color to the hair
    melanin
  54. Provides black and brown color (blue pigments)
    Eumelanin
  55. Provides the warmer tones of the hair (red and yellow pigments)
    Pheomelanin
  56. What is the result of a ratio of eumelanin and pheomelanin and the size of the melanin molecules?
    hair color
  57. Dark hair has more what than lighter hair?
    melanin
  58. When there is an absence of pigment, air space develop, resulting in what?
    gray hair
  59. A person born with no melanin in the hair, skin, or eyes is called? ( usually born with white hair)
    albino
  60. This layer of the hair has no purpose. Round cells
    medulla
  61. Is the innermost layer of the hair
    medulla
  62. Common for very fine hair and blonde hair to lack this layer of the hair. Coarse hair usually has this layer.
    medulla
  63. Known as an air space cavity
    layer that is very fragile and can be destroyed by chemical services
    medulla
  64. how the hair feels
    diameter (thickness) of the individual strand
    texture
  65. what are three different types of texture?
    • Coarse
    • Medium
    • Fine
  66. The texture type that has the largest diameter.
    stronger
    usually requires longer processing time or stronger chemicals
    coarse
  67. The texture type that is considered normal
    Stand to which all other hair is compared
    medium
  68. texture type that has the smallest diameter
    more fragile
    easier to process
    fine
  69. Measures the
  70. measures the number of individual hairs per square inch
    hair density
  71. On average people with blonde hair have how many hair on their head?
    140,000 (highest density)
  72. On average people with brown hair have how many hairs on their head?
    110,000
  73. On average people with black hair have how many hairs on their head?
    108,000
  74. On average people with red hair have how many hairs on their head?
    80,000 (lowest density)
  75. The ability of the hair to absorb liquids
    ☆Related to the condition of the cuticle layer
    hair porosity
  76. Cuticle type
    Not very porous
    Resists liquids
    Water may roll off the hair when first sprayed
    Requires stronger solutions (alkalines)
    Compact cuticle
  77. Cuticle type that
    More porous
    absorbs liquids easier
    hair drys slower
    chemically treated
    requires mild chemicals (acids)
    raised cuticle
  78. What can help achieve even porosity  results when preforming chemical services?
    Porosity equalizer
  79. How do you test for porosity
    slide test
  80. The ability of the hair to stretch and return to it's original size without breaking
    hair elasticity
  81. wet hair should stretch up to what % without breaking?
    40-50%
  82. Dry hair should stretch up to what % without breaking?
    20%
  83. Hair with what kind of elasticity will not break, doesn't tangle easy, and will hold a curl when set?
    Hair with good elasticity
  84. Hair with what kind of elasticity will break easily, will tangle easily, and will not hold a curl when set?
    Hair with poor elasticity
  85. What test do you perform for elasticity?
    Pull test
  86. When is analyzing the growth pattern of hair most important?
    When hair cutting and determining hairstyles for you  client
  87. Hair growing in the same direction. directly related to the hair follicles
    hair stream
  88. Hair that forms a circular pattern. Very common in the crown and nape area.
    Whorl
  89. Tuft of hair that stands straight. Usually most noticeable in the front hairline
    cow lick
  90. short, fine hair that covers the body
     not usually pigmented
    vellus/ lanugo
  91. long,soft hair found on the scalp, legs and arms
     pigmented
    terminal hair
  92. Hair on the head can be referred as....
    capilli hair
  93. eyelashes
    cilia
  94. eyebrows
    supercilia
  95. The three life cycles of hair
    • Anagen Phase
    • Catagen Phase
    • Telogen Phase
  96. the growth phase of hair
    keratinization is active during this phase
    anagen phase
  97. What is the average life cycle of hair?
    2-6 years
  98. Once the hair reaches approximately ____ inches in length, the rate of hair growth will slow down.
    10
  99. Hair on what part of the body has the longest life cycle?
    the hair on the scalp
  100. 90% of hair is in this phase
    anagen phase
  101. Phase that is..
    transition period
    the end of the growth phase
    catagen phase
  102. in this phase..
    follicle shrinks and the air bulb detaches from the papilla
    hair bulb shrinks, forming a round club
    last approximately 1-2 weeks
    catagen phase
  103. 1% of the hair is in this phase
    catagen phase
  104. this phase is...
    the resting phase
    hair is shed or hair remains in place until the next anagen phase
    telogen phase
  105. this phase lasts approximately 3-6 months and is 10% of the hair is in this phase
    telogen phase

Card Set Information

Author:
 tiffanykay105
ID:
 263413
Filename:
 Hair structure
Updated:
2014-02-25 23:48:53
Tags:
part one
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Description:
Hair Structure
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