History: Chapter 21 and 24

30%

• Automobile Industry
• Steel Industry
• Oil Industry
• Rubber industry

When you invest in a company by buying a stock. Company's sell ownership licenses for a certain amount of money. 

When the company makes money then so does the stock owner when they sell their stock.

When the company loses money then so does the stock owner when they sell their stock.

• 5% of the workers received 70% of the country's income. 
• 95% of workers received 30%

When you get a loan from a stock broker to buy stocks so that you put out less money. It's half of your money and half your stock broker's money.

The U.S. Central Bank

They didn't like it because if the stock market ever went down then people would lose a lot of money and then they would owe everyone a lot of money.

$16 billion

The Stock Market Crashed

Investors sold all their stocks all at once which lowered their value and nobody wanted to buy the newly sold stocks.

• Scared people into withdrawing all their $ and the banks ran out
• Banks lost $ also due to the Stock Market because they had so much $ invested in it
• 350 banks went out of business

• Businesses were unable to grow because banks had no more $ to lend 
• Consumers stopped buying as much, so businesses were forced to lay off workers and cut pay.

• American banks were unable to import products to the Europeans  who were still trying to recover from WWI
• Foreign businesses were unable to import products because Americans weren't spending anymore

When a farmer or home owner cannot afford to pay their loans they get their house taken away.

40%

To insult President Hoover because they thought he was responsible for the Great Depression

Neighborhoods upon the outskirts of town or in public parks to house the homeless

Americans who left their families in search of work

• Oklahoma
• Kansas
• Colorado
• New Mexico
• Texas

• The Great Plains had entered a severe drought 
• The ground became dried up and infertile
• When the wind would pick up there would be a huge dust storm.

• California
• Oakies
• After the state of Oklahoma

Because not everyone was from Oklahoma

Woody Guthrie

John Steinbeck

• He meant that "rugged" people do things themselves and that's the way people should be.
• Lost your job? You Figure it out

As little a role as possible

• People in similar businesses could work together toward a common goal
• No

• Hoover authorized $2 billion in direct loans to struggling banks
• No

• Raised the cost of imported goods so that American would buy American goods to pump money back into the economy
• No

• He was giving billions of dollars to the banks rather than the indiviudal
• They felt they were not getting the help they thought they deserved

A group of WWI veterans on strike in Washington D.C. to get their bonus check that they were promised by the government, sooner because they were lives were in jeopardy.

The U.S. Army chased them away and now people felt even more negatively about Hoover

FDR

New York

Polio

Hoover

• The only thing we have to fear is fear itself"
• To make people feel more optimistic about the future. He was basically just trying to let them know that he would help them through this tough time.

It was government's job to take direct action to help those in need.

Eleanor Roosevelt (they were distant cousins)

Eleanor was FDR's caretaker because of his polio and because of this she is present for many of the important meetings. No other first lady had done this before.

Family would gather around by a fireplace and listen to the speeches.

Roosevelt gave speeches that were broadcasted on the radio once a week.

Made them feel better

Designed to stop people from making massive withdraws. It shut down the banks

Going in and inspecting the banks to make sure they're safe.

Insured each bank deposit up to $2,500 so if the bank doesn't have business then your money is safe.

Provided low interest, long-term loans to Farmers to help with mortgages, overdue taxes, and farm equipment.

Provided low interest long-term mortgage loans to home owners and saved their homes.

Created temporary jobs for people which in return helped the community

Designed to stimulate industrial and business activity and reduce unemployment by stabilizing prices, raising wages, limited workers' hours, and provided jobs

Provided jobs and stimulated business activity by contracting public-works projects (roads, buildings, etc...)

Encourage businesses to draw up "codes of fair competitions"

Raised farm prices, increased farmers' purchasing power and proposed that farmers cut production. They paid farmers to reduce their out of commodities (cotton, wheat, corn, etc...)

Built 38 dams and several power stations that provided electricity, flood control, and recreational facilities

• Left (democrats): Not good enough (not far enough)
• Right (republicans): Too much (too far)

Took $ from the rich's taxes and gave it to the poor.

He got shot

For more seats in congress

• Unemployment insurance (fired/laid off)
• Pensions for retired workers
• Disabled 
• Worker's comp (if you get hurt on the job)

• Alf Landon 
• Roosevelt won

FDR passed all these New Deal programs and the supreme court found that some of them were unconstitutional and FDR did not like that. He tried to add 6 more judges.

The Supreme Court ruled some of FDR's programs unconstitutional

No because racist southern states would not vote for him

• Some were helped by the New Deal
• Some were discriminated against and passed over for jobs.

The Federal Government hired unemployed writers, actors, theater workers, musicians and artists

Roosevelt strived to remove members from congress who did not support him and he was unsuccessful.

• 1. Created jobs which
• 2. Built America by making buildings and if they have jobs then the government
• 3. Gives people money and if they don't have a job then the government gives
• 4. Give Loans