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Illuminated manuscript
a hand-written, hand-painted book decorated with gold leaf.
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illuminator, illustrator
the artist responsible for the execution of creation of images to visually support the written text of a manuscript.
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medieval
the 1000 year period between the decline of Rome and the early Renaissance also known as the Middle Ages or the Dark ages.
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ascender
letter strokes that rise above the top guideline.
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descender
letter strokes that drop below the baseline.
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Celtic, the Celts
a people residing on the islands of Northwest Europe (now Ireland) during the Roman-era. Celtic design is abstract and extremely complex, with geometric linear patterns that weave, twist and fill a space with dark visual textures.
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monogram
a large initial letter starting the first word of a main paragraph.
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opaque
not transparent; dense not allowing like to pass through
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translucent
permitting light to pass through; transparent.
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Romanesque
a period in history 1000-1150 A.D.; the time of the Crusades
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text
the body of a manuscript. From the Latin "textorum" or meaning woven fabric or texture.
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diaspora
Greek for dispersion or scattering (Jewish people were living in Diaspora after the revolts which were crushed by the Romans.
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ornamentation
visual embellishment; decorations that often appear in the margins of a text.
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arabesque
a fluid, spiraling, undulating or serpentine line or linear motif inspired by the designs and writings of the Muslim world.
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the Limbourg brothers
Paul, Herman, Jean Limbourg; born after 1385 skilled Goldsmith and illuminators.
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Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry
the Limbourg brothers' masterpiece. "The Book of Hours of the Duke of Berry" a devotional book with religious texts for each day of the year. Morning, afternoon, evening prayers.
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