art midterm part 1

proceeding from or taking place in a person's mind rather than the external world; when something is subjective it depends on our thoughts and emotions rather than factual evidence

uninfluenced by emotions or personal prejudices; based on observable phenomena; presented factually

the principle substance of the work of art; beyond its overt subject matter

the literal shape and mass of an object or figure. more generally, the materials used to make a work of art, the ways in which these materials are used in terms of the formal elements(line, light, color, etc), and the composition that results

the branch of art history which studies the identification, description, and the interpretation of the content of images

art in which the concept or idea takes precedent over the form or content of the work

the personal, social, historical, and environmental circumstances surrounding the making, viewing, and interpreting of a work of art; the varied connections of a work of art to the larger world of its time and place

in drawing of painting, the shadow cast by a figure, darker than the shadowed surface itself

in drawing, painting and printmaking, the rendering of a form, usually by means of hatching or chiaroscuro, to create the illusion of a 3d form

from the italian tenebroso, meaning murky, a heightened form of chiaroscuro

the spot or one of the spots of highest key or value in a picture

the unlighted surface of a form rendered by modeling or chiaroscuro

pairs of colors, such as red and green, that are directly opposite each other on the color wheel

a property of complementary colors when placed side by side, resulting in the fact that both appear brighter and more intense when seen in isolation

a color scheme that consists of a variety of values of the same hue (or one single color)

pairs of colors, such as yellow and orange, that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel

a color scheme made up of three colors equidistant from each other on the color wheel; such as orange, green and violet

color that has no realistic or natural relation to the object that is depicted, as in a blue horse or a purple cow, but that may have emotional or expressive significance

a line created by movement or direction such as the line established by a pointing finger, the direction of a glance, or a body moving through space

a mathematical system for creating the illusion of space and distance on a flat surface

a version of linear perspective in which there is only one vanishing point in the composition

the point on the horizon line where parallel lines appear to converge

a version of linear perspective in which there are two (or more) vanishing points in the composition

the modification of perspective to decrease distortion resulting from the apparent visual contraction of an object or figure as it extends backward from the picture plan at an angle approaching the perpendicular

the surface quality of a work

small distinct dots of color applied in patterns to create a larger, cohesive image

term used when each half of a composition is exactly the same

balance achieved in a composition when neither side reflects or mirrors the other

a soft crayon made of chalk and pigment; also, any work done in this medium

any one of multiple impressions made from a master image

in printmaking, any process in which any area of the plate not to be printed is carved away, leaving only the original surface to be printed

(also) any sculpture in which images and forms are attached to a background and project off it

any form of printmaking which the line is incised into the surface of the printing plate, including aquatint, drypoint, etching, engraving, and mezzotint

a coating applied to a canvas or printmaking plate to prepare it for painting or etching

an approach to making art emphasizing its ability to teach and, particularly, elevate the mind

the surface on which the artist works - a wall, a panel of wood, a canvas, or a sheet of paper

a thinner that enables paint to flow more readily and that also cleans brushes; also called a vehicle

wet fresco; where the paint is chemically bound to the plaster, and is integral to the wall or support

dry fresco; where the paint is an independent layer, separate from the plaster propper

a painting medium consisting of pigments suspended in a solution of water and gum arabic

a plastic resin that, when mixed with water and pigment forms an inorganic and quick-drying paint medium

the combination of two or more media in a single work

a work made by pasting various scraps or pieces of material - cloth, paper, photographs - onto the surface of the composition

one of the earliest forms of photography, invented by louis jacques mande daguerre in 1839, made on a copper plate polished with silver

a photographic technique that decreases the exposure of selected areas of the print hat the photographer wishes to be lighter

a photographic technique that increases the exposure to areas of the print that should be darker

the opening that determines the quantity of light admitted by a camera lens

the speed and length that the aperture stays open - this is another factor that determines how much light is admitted through the camera onto the film

film directors who are considered the "authors" of their work

a form of art, popular especially since the late 1960s, that includes not only physical space but also the human activity that goes on within it

the process in which form is discovered by the removal of materials, by such means as carving

the process in which form is built up, shaped, and enlarged by the addition of materials

a sculpture in which the figures and objects remain attached to a background plane and project off of it by less than one-half their normal depth

a sculpture in which the figures and objects remain attached to a background plane and project off of it by at least half their normal depth

as opposed to relief, sculpture that requires no wall support and that can be experienced from all sides

the disposition of the human figure in which the hips and legs are turned in opposition to the shoulders and chest, creating a counter-positioning of the body

the process of making sculpture by pouring molten material - often bronze - into a mold bearing the sculpture's impression

an additive sculptural process in which various and diverse elements and objects are combined

an environment that is indoors

an environment that is out of doors

the range of colors on the color wheel between each primary color and its neighboring secondary colors, yellow-green, for example

figure

ground

tells a story