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What is Socialization?
The ways/ process that we learn the ways of society or other groups.
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What is "Nature"?
- Charactoristics that are hereditary.
- e.g.: genes and biology
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What is "Nurture"?
Characteristics are social environment.
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What is the "Self"?
how we think others see us, and how we see ourselves.
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What is Charles Horton Colley known for?
The "Looking-Glass Self".
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What are the 3 parts to the "Looking-Glass Self"?
- 1)We imagine how we appear to those around us.
- 2)We interpret other's reactions.
- 3)we develop a self concept.
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What is the significants of the "Looking-glass Self"?
- The development on self,does NOT depend on the accuracy of the evaluation.
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What is positive self concept?
Think good reflection.
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What is Negative Self-Concept?
think bad reflection.
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Who is George Herbert Mead?
He focused on: self concepts; Role-Taking; and The importance of play.
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How do kids Play based on Mead's work?
Kids learn by taking the roles of others, by 1st taking the roles of a significant other. and 2nd by eventually taking on the role of the generalized other (when they anticipate what's going to happen next).
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What are the 3 stages of learning by taking the roles of others, according to Mead?
- Imitation stage: "the Parrot" when we copy the behavior of others with out understanding what it means. (age:0-3)
- Play Stage: Can take on the roles of others. costumes and dress up. (age: 3-6)
- Games Stage: can take on multiple roles at the same time. (age:6+)
- E.g. when playing team sports.
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According to Mead what is the "self"?
our learned understanding of the responses of others to conduct.
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What are the 2 parts to "Self" according to Mead?
The "I" (active part. evaluates others reactions.) & the "Me" (passive part. I am a target/ object of action.)
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Who is Jean Piaget?
Tells us how we learn to reason (How our minds develop) and the development of our ability to reason.
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According to Piaget, what is the Sensorimotor Stage?
- When we direct contact with our environment, don't really think, and we learn "object permanence".
- (age: 0-2)
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According to Piaget, what is the Preoperational Stage?
- We can learn a Lang., can not understand causation, can count, but when don't know what the #'s mean, and can not see from others point of view.
- (age: 2-7)
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According to Piaget, what is Concrete operation stage?
- When we can take on the roles of others and team play. we can understand causation and #"s. We also learn the "rule of conservation".
- (age: 7-12)
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According to Piaget, what is Formal Operation Stage?
- Can do abstract thinking and critical thinking, and can also trace logical answer for "What if" Q's.
- (age: 12+)
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In Sociology, Sigmund Freud is known for what?
His development of personality. (the id, ego, &superego.)
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According to Freud, what is the id?
the inner part of us that drives us to seek self gratification. (pleasure)
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According to Freud, what is the ego?
the Balancer. (can't have it all.)
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According to Freud, what is the Superego?
The makeup of norms and values that we are suppose to follow. makes you feel guilty if you go against it.
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According to Freud, we are born into what?
born into norms and values
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