Psych: Chapter 16 Social Psychology

Learned predisposition to respond cognitively, effectively, and behaviorally to a particular object

The principles people follow in making judgements about the causes of events, others' behavior, and their own behavior

An explanation for the cause of behaviors and events

A feeling of discomfort caused by a discrepancy between an attitude and a behavior or between two competing attitudes

Cognitive Dissonance is most prevalent in what kinds of Cultures?

Prejudice is an...

Discrimination is a...

In Zimbardo's prison experiment, the majority of participants with the role of prisoner became...

Based on Latane and Darley's theory Kity Genovese might have survived if she had been attacked in the presence of...

Why do people engage in the Fundamental Attribution Error?

Misjudging the causes of others' behavior as due to internal (dispositional) causes rather than external (situational) ones

A situation in which a group of people act to obtain short-term individual gains, which in the long run leads to a loss for the group as a whole

Viewing members of the ingroup more positively than members of an outgroup
(we tend to like those who like us)

Judging members of an outgroup as more alike and less diverse than members of the ingroup

A learned, generally negative, attitude toward members of a group; it includes thoughts (stereotypes), feelings and behavioral tendencies

Blocking of a desired goal (frustration) creates anger that may lead to aggression

Taking credit for our successes and externalizing our failures

People who conform to, or go along with, because we like and admire them and want to be like them

The behavioral component of prejudice

The three key factors in Attraction:

The cognitive component of prejudice

A set of beliefs about the characteristics of people in a group that is generalized to all group members

Any behavior intended to harm someone

The tendency of people in a group to exert less effort when pooling efforts toward a common goal
(working in a group and only some people do the work)

When group members work harder towards a common goal

Changing behavior because of real or imagined group pressure
Trying to fit in or not stick out

Makes those work harder, not by the conditions, but by letting the worker think they're being observed or watched.

Reduced self-consciousness, inhibition, and personal responsibility that sometimes occurs in a group, particularly when the members feel anonymous

The dilution (or diffusion) of personal responsibility for acting by spreading it among all other group members

Conforming because of need information and direction

Cultural rule of behavior prescribing what is acceptable in a given situation

Conforming to group pressure out of a need for approval and acceptance

Following direct commands, usually from an authority figure

Negative behaviors directed at members of a group

Key factor in attraction involving geographic, residential, and other forms of physical closeness

Strong and lasting attraction characterized by trust, caring, tolerance, and friendship

Focusing on the most noticeable factors when explaining the causes of behavior

Helping that’s motivated by anticipated gain

Faulty decision making that occurs when a highly cohesive group strives for agreement and avoids inconsistent information

Group’s movement toward either riskier or more conservative behavior, depending on the members’ initial dominant tendency

Attraction based on sharing similar needs

Intense feeling of attraction to another within an erotic context and with future expectations

Actions designed to help others with no obvious benefit to the helper

3 Major Components to all Attitudes

Evidence suggests that bystanders failed to intervene in the Kitty Genovese murder because there was...

Attraction to others based on opposite traits

A person acts a certain way based in response to situational demands and their environment

If we are shown things once we are more likely to enjoy it the second time

3 elements that Rubin thought were important in Loving

3 elements Rubin thought were important in Liking

Illusions are the foundations of...

Asch studied

Roles are based on...

When we first agree to a small request we are more than likely to agree to a larger request

Start off with a huge request first, then back down to a smaller request which is usually granted

What are the four conformity strengtheners?