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Who is the "father" of AT?
Gandhi
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What were Gandhi's policies?
- - Non-violence and non-cooperation
- - Against oppressive taxation
- - Salt march
- - SWADESHI
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What is Swadeshi?
- - local self-sufficiency
- - home economy
- - local power
- - production by the masses -> production, producers, process
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Who is the founder of AT?
E.F. Schumacher
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Developed ideas from what kind of economics?
Buddhist Economics
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What kind of tech is small-scale, inexpensive, labor-intensive, compatible with human needs, and non-violent?
Intermediate technology
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Schumacher's four propsitions
- - Live where you work
- - Cheap manufacturing
- - Simple production
- - Local materials
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Radio invented by Trevor Baylis that promotes health education, agricultural, political, news etc.
BayGen wind-up radio (now Freeplay energy)
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What is the plastic doughnut shaped water carrier?
Q-drum
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Roundabout thing that pumps water?
PlayPumps
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What was the downfall of the PlayPumps?
- - lack of infrastructure/maintenance
- - children stopped playing on it
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Irradiance vs. Insolation
- - Irradiance: power quantity of solar resource or the amount of solar power measured at given moment in time, instantaneous power
- - Insolation: energy quantity of solar resource, amount of solar power over a period of time
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Irradiance is measured by?
Pyranometer
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What is the solar constant?
Amount of solar radiation in space
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How are PV panels rated?
Using 1000 watts/m2 due to amount of energy of one sun or peak sun (solar irradiance)
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Concentrating solar problem
- - Find areas of lens and concentrated area (pir2)
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Divide area of lens by concentrated area
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Three factors of food dryers
- - Temperature
- - Air flow
- - Humidity
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Factors that affect temperature
- - area of south facing glazing
- - amount of insulation
- - air tightness of dryer box
- - area of vent openings
- - ambient temp
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What temperature can water be pasteurized?
150 F
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Small polycarbonate cylinder that uses soy wax to determine pasteurization?
WAPI
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Uses beeswax and PET bottles to determine pasteurization?
Solbee
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China accounts for ____ of installed solar thermal?
- - 2/3
- - mainly evacuated tube
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What is medium temp. solar thermal used for?
domestic water and space heating
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What are two freeze protector systems?
- - pressurized glycol
- - drainback
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What type of fluid is used in a drain back system?
Water
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How is evacuated tube collectors different from flat plate collectors?
Absorber plate is contained inside the glass evacuated tube
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What are the two designs for fluid to travel?
- - u-tube
- - tube-in-tube (coaxial)
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What is the better choice in cloudy and colder locations? (solar thermal)
evacuated tube
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Open loop system vs. closed
- - Open: heat transfer medium is potable water supply
- - Closed: uses heat exchanger
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What are the three types of utility solar thermal?
- - Stirling engine parabolic dish
- - Parabolic trough
- - Solar power tower
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What heat transfer fluid can produced electricity at night?
Molten salt
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What is the Suncatcher?
- Stirling engine system, holds world record for most efficiency
- - tracking parabolic mirror, uses hydrogen to move pistons
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What is a solar power tower?
- - Uses heliostats to reflect sunlight
- - uses water or salt for heat transfer fluid
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What is the PS 10?
- - First commercial solar power tower plant in the world
- - Uses water to produce steam
- - Uses heliostats
- - Abengoa Solar
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What are the four stp's?
- - PS 10 (no storage)
- - PS 20 (no storage)
- - Crescent dunes (salt, storage)
- - Ivanpah (no storage)
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What is a parabolic trough solar thermal?
- - Parabolic shaped mirrors to concentrate sun on central pipe HTF
- - capacity increases with thermal storage
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What are the three parabolic trough solar thermal plants?
- - Nevada Solar one
- - Solana project
- - Mojave project
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