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the more important a mechanism is, the ___- variation we expect in it.
less
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the specialty in psychology that is concerned with assessing the genetic contributions to difference in behavior
behavior genetics
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an individuals traits cannot be attributed either to genes or environment because of the way genes and environment interact during development. But ____ between individuals can logically be attributed to either genetic _____ between them or to their different experiences.
different
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behavior genetics focuses on the ___ basis of differences between people
genetic
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evolutionary psychology focuses on the (presumably genetic) _____ that are common to all people. more interested in adaptive behavior
mechanisms
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It is likely that, just as for height, much ____ in human intelligence and personality is a byproduct of ____ reproduction
variability, sexual
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distribution of polygenic traits tends to exhibit a ____ distribution, this means that distribution is near the ____ value.
normal, optimum
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why doesn't natural selection reduce variability of traits and fix the population at the optimum? One reason is that optimum value can ____ over time depending on the environment
vary
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it is important to note that the _____ in the environment must be ___ relative to the lifetime of the individual for selection to maintain genetic variants in the population.
variation, slow
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the concepts of intelligence and personality reflect our evaluation of others as ____ resources
potential
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One of the most important of our social skills is the ability to size up other people as potential _____ or competitors
cooperators
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because modern intelligence tests were developed to predict success in school, and evolutionary novel setting, we should not be surprised if the tests neglect many ____ that are obviously _____
abilities, intelligent
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g is supposed to correspond to the ___ sense of intelligence. g underlies various abilities such as ____, spatial, and so on
everyday, verbal. all intelligence measure g to some extent
-
the fact that the same person tends to perform ____ on many different types of intelligence tests gives evidence of g
similarly
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some people do well on certain groups of items and worse on others, this gives us evidence for _____ primary mental abilities
separate
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because the brain comprises to much of our energy requirements, it is suggested that a large brain and high intelligence were ___ ____ for. displays of intelligence serve as signals of ____, especially as it relates to brain function
sexual selection, fitness
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traits under sexual selection are those with ____ variability between individuals
high
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natural selection generally leads to a reduction in variability of the trait in question, because selection homes in on _____ design from among those available.
optimal
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sexual selection perpetuates _____
variability
-
symmetry is correlated with ____
intelligence
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the more an intelligence test is a pure measure of g, the more it ____ fitness. which suggests that the relationship between various measures of intelligence and fitness depends on ___
predicts, g
-
-linguistic intelligence
-musical intelligence
-logical mathematical intelligence
-spatial
-bodily kinesthetic
-interpersonal
-intrapersonal
examples of multiple intelligences
-
-the ability can be affected selectively by brain damage
-there should be prodigies and idiot savants who display highly uneven distribution of skills
-a plausible evolutionary basis
Gardners 3 criteria for a skill to be considered an intelligence
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it is entirely possible that some intelligences would never be found using statistical methods because some people have to do ___ and some have to do ____ to compute a correlation. if there is little variability because everyone did equally well then it could never show up
poorly, well
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some skills and forms of intelligence are useful today because they were useful skills in the ____
EEA
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the ___ refers to the relatedness of our vertebrate limb plan and brain
bauplan
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variation in intelligence is follows a bell shaped curve, indicating that it is influenced by a large number of ____ factors
independent
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because it is clear that intelligence is influenced by __, we can expect that a large number of ___ contribute to intelligence
genes
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a quality of home environment predicted childrens ____ scores
intelligence
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because we dont have modules designed for evolutionary novel tasks, we need ___ ____ to master them. In school we learn to use modules designed for challenges of the EEA to master novel tasks.
formal schooling
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students are not ____ motivated to practice math and reading skills because these tasks are not the natural products of ____
intrinsically, adaptations
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its possible that traits that makeup ADHD were either ___ or even beneficial in the EEA
neutral
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