RAD-143 SACRUM + COCCYX SI JOINT & LANDMARKS OF SPINE
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where is the CR for an ap axial sacrum
what is the angle of the tube
1-2 superior to pubic symphysis
15 deg cephalad
when would we have to increase the cephalad angle to 20deg of the ap axial sacrum projection
when the patient has a greater posterior curvature or tilt of the sacrum and pelvis
how would you perform the ap axial sacrum if the patient could not lie on their back
you would position the patient prone and angle the tube 15 deg caudal
the xipohid process is at the level of ___
t9-t10
lower coastal margin is at the level of ____
l2 -l3
the iliac crests are at the level of _____
l4-l5
the ASIS is at the level of ____
the symphysis pubis is at the same level of -___
s1-s2
greater trochanter
routines for sacrum and coccyx
routine for SI joint
ap axial sacrum
ap axial coccyx
lat sacrum and coccyx
ap axial
posterior obliques
for an ap lumbar spine which size casette can you use
where would u center for each
14x17 cr at crests
10x12 cr at 1.5 in above crests at l3 (area of lower coastal margin)
where is the CR for an ap axial sacrum and tube angle
we must ensure no rotation of ____?
2in above pubis symphysis
15 cephalad
pelvis
what is the CR and tube angle of an ap axial coccyx
10 degree caudad angle
2 in above pubic symphysis (at leve of greater trochanter
if the patient could not lie on their back for a normal ap coccyx how should we compensate
lie patient on their stomach angle tube 10 cephalald and center 2 in above pubis symphysis
how do we position the patient for a lateral sacrum and coccyx
where is the CR
what must be put behind patient to reduce scatter
patient is on side with head and pillow and knees flexxed
3-4in post to ASIS center sacrum in middle
lead apron
when doing lateral projections of the spine lumbar spine lateral sacrum, coccyx and spine what must we consider (2 things)
what is the position of the legs in these lateral recumbent positions
must consider excess scatter b/c of thick body part to compensate close collimation and place a lead mat behind patient
legs and knees are flexxed
we must ensure no rotation of what two strcutures when radiographing lumbar later spines
no rotation of thorax and pelvis
what two bones can be taken in a single xray
sacrum and coccyx in the lateral position
where is the cr for a lateral coccyx position
what is the difference in positioning with a lateral sacrum
align the long axis of coccyx with cr table/IR
CR 3-4in posterior to 2 in distal to ASIS
there is no distal length only posterior from ASIS 3-4in
what is the breathing for sacrum coccyx
suspend respiration
the lateral sacrum requires what change in tech factors
lower kv and mas
where is the CR and tube angle (male and female) for an ap axial projection SI joint
breathing?
angle Cr 30-35 cephalad (male 30deg
female 35deg)
Cr at midline 2in below ASIS
hold ya breath
if the patient cannot assume the position for ap SI joint what is the alternative
position the patient prone 30-35 caudad angle and slightly above iliac crest
where is the CR for an LPO or RPO SI joint and degree of obliquity
LPO is for what SI joint
RPO is for what SI joint
CR per to IR 1 in medial to upside ASIS
obliquity: 25-30 deg with side of interest elevated
right upside SI joint
left upside SI joint
bones of the spinal column are called
the spinal cord is enclosed in the _____
vertbrae
spinal canal
the spinal canal ends and starts where
the spinal cord begins where and ends where
the region where the spinal cord ends is called the
starts base of the skull and ends at distal sacrum
starts a medulla oblongata and ends at first lumbar vertebrae
conus medullaris
what positions the lower lumbar spine require a suspension of respiration
ap axial sacrum ap axial coccyx
lat sacrum and coccyx
ap axial si joints si joints oblique rpo and lpo
when doing the the obliques for the si joints what is the anatomy in focus
if its an lpo focus is on upside (rt SI joint)
if its an rpo focus is on upside (lt joint)
the apex of the sacrum is located where
at the bottom of the sacral bone
how is the si joint made
by the auricular surface and articulation of the ilium to form si joint