Unit 5

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  1. B Cells
    • Produce antibodies
    • made in the bone marrow
    • finds antigens, clones its self, then squirts out antibodies
  2. T cells
    • made in bone marrow
    • trained in the thymus
    • grabs onto the foreign antigen
    • does not squirt  out antibodies
  3. Antigens
    cause the body to produce antibodies or highly specialized T cells
  4. 1st level immune response
    • skin 
    • mucus membranes
    • non specific
  5. 2nd level immune response
    • protien
    • cell wall based responses
    • non specific
  6. 3rd level immune response
    • B and T cells 
    • Specific
  7. antibodies
    immunoglobulins
  8. IgG
    • The most of 
    • cross walls of blood vessels and enter tissue
    • in breast milk and placenta 
    • indicative of a previous exposure to an antigen
  9. IgM
    • The biggest 
    • first to appear
    • remain in blood-do not enter surrounding tissue
    • indicative of current exposure to an antigen
  10. IgA
    • Found in body secretions
    • to prevent the attachement of pathogens
  11. IgE
    high levels of alleric reaction or gastrointestinal parasite
  12. Primary response
    • initial contact
    • no detectable antibodies for several days
    • slow rise in titer
  13. Secondary response
    • memory or anamnestic
    • this is the response after second exposure 
    • it is more rapid and intense because of the memory B cells from the primary response
  14. mouse antibodies
    monoclonal antibodies
  15. Active immunity
    exposure to a foreign antigen results in production of antibodies
  16. Passive immunity
    antibodies are transferred from one organism to another
  17. Naturally acquired active immunity
    • Developed during life 
    • chicken pox
  18. Naturally acquired passive immunity
    From mother to infant
  19. Artificially Acquire active immunity
    • Vaccination
    • giving your body the actual disease but a version that can't hurt you so you body makes it's own antibodies
  20. artificially acquired passive immunity
    • injection of antibodies into the body
    • short lived 2 to 3 months
  21. attenuated
    viable-alive-but harmless
  22. MMR
    • mumps
    • measles
    • rubella
  23. DTP
    • diphtheria
    • tetanus
    • Partessus
  24. Herd Immunity
    if everyone has it the few who can't get the vaccine are fine
  25. Hemolytic disease of the newborn
    • Mother is Rh neg 
    • Baby is RH positive because of RH positive father
  26. cyclosporine
    given to transplant patients to keep their bodies from rejecting the organ
  27. pregnancy tests work because of
    HCG
  28. AIDS
    Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome
  29. HIV
    Human Immunodeficiency virus
  30. Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions
    • Body should send IgM but sends IgE
    • like bees or wasps or hay fever or allergies
    • antibodies
  31. Type 2 hypersensitivity reactions
    • from transfusions 
    • cytotoxic
    • antibodies
  32. Type 3 hypersensitivity reactions
    • small clumps of antigens and antibodies that settle into the basement membrane and cause inflammation
    • antibodies
  33. Type 4 hypersensitivity reactions
    • TB and poison ivy
    • T cells
  34. phenotype
    gram stains
  35. genotypic methods
    • chlamydia 
    • Nisseria gonorrhea
    • have to use PCR to increase amount of DNA
  36. Titer
    concentration of serum antibodies
  37. ELISA
    Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Card Set Information

Author:
 NurseJoy
ID:
 270069
Filename:
 Unit 5
Updated:
 2014-04-10 20:46:38
Tags:
Microbiology immune response
Folders:
Microbiology
Description:
Unit 5
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