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What are the characteristics of lab experiments?
- The effect of an independent variable on a dependant variable is measured
- As many variables as possible are controlled
- They can take place in any environment as long as it is controlled
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What are the strengths of lab experiments?
- There is a high degree of control of variables
- Replication is easy as an exact setting is specified
- Cause and effect are easier to determine as the DV is less likely to be affected by something other than the IV
- Technical equipment is easier to use in a controlled setting
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What are the limitations of lab experiments?
- Experimenter bias could come into play
- Some IV and DV selections cannot be operationalised (anger levels)
- The setting is artificial and low in ecological validity
- Demand characteristics could come into play with P's guessing the object of the study
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What are the characteristics of field experiments?
- They take place in a natural environment
- The IV is manipulated to affect the DV
- Not all variables can be controlled
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What are the strengths of field experiments?
- They are high in ecological validity
- There are reduced demand characteristics
- The setting is less artificial and thus more generalisable to the real world
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What are the limitations of field experiments?
- There is very little control over extraneous variables
- Studies are difficult to replicate as it is almost impossible to duplicate natural environments
- Complex scientific machinery cannot be used
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What are the characteristics of a Quasi experiment?
- The IV is naturally occurring
- The study does not usually occur in a lab
- The IV is not manipulated by the researcher
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What are the strengths of Quasi experiments?
- They are high in ecological validity as the settings are organic and realistic
- There is less manipulation of P's and thus fewer ethical issues
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What are the limitations of Quasi experiments?
- They are very time consuming to carry out as researchers must wait for the IV to occur naturally
- It is more difficult to discern cause and effect due to the large number of uncontrollable extraneous variables
- Replication of naturally occurring IV is almost impassible meaning the studies cannot be replicated
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