t or f, the sum of the superscripts in an electron configuration represents the total number of neutrons in the atom
false
t or f, the outermost electrons (highest energy) are the electrons involved in reactions
true
t or f as electrons are filling the shell, they fill the highest energy shell first and then subsequent shells
false
t or f, electrons within an orbital have similar energies (all 1s electrons have the same energy, all 2s electrons have the same energy, etc.)
true
t or f columns in the periodic table are called groups
true
t or f, alkali metals are group 6 in the periodic table
false
t or f, calcium is an alkaline earth metal
true
t or f, the halogens are very reactive because they have an unpaired electron in the outer p-orbital
true
t or f, the noble gases are reactive because all their orbitals are filled
false
t or f, atoms tend to gain or lose electrons until they have obtained an electronic configuration that is the same as that of a noble gas (filled outer s and p shells)
true
t or f, a milligram (mg) is 1x10-3g
true
a calculator answer is 824.6059 must be rounded off to three sig fig. what answer is reported?
825
absolute zero is
the coldest temperature possible
a solid substance is subjected to a number of tests and observations. What test result would be classified as a chemical property of the substance
It reacts with a base to form water
what is an example of a physical change?
grinding coffee beans
the cubic centimeter cm3 has the same volume as a
milliliter
density equation?
mass/volume
how many centigrams are in 1 kilogram?
1 x 105
the ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume is its
density
an element is a substance which
cannot be broken down into simpler substances physical or chemical means
which of the following pairs of subatomic particles have charges of equal magnitude but opposite in sign?
proton and electrons
the nucleus of an atom is composed of
tightly packed protons and neutrons
an atom is electrically neutral because
the number of protons and electrons are equal
oxygen consists of three different ____, each having 8 protons but different number of neutrons
isotopes
as the mass number of the isotopes of an element increases, the number of protons
remains the same
all atoms of the same element have the same
atomic number
elements that is a nonmetal?
nitrogen
which of the following elements is a noble gas?
argon
consider a neutral atom with 30 protons and 34 neutrons. The atomic number of the element is
30
valence electrons are electrons located
in the outermost energy level of an atom
how many electrons can occupy the s sublevel at each energy level?
2
how many electrons can occupy the p sublevel at each energy level?
6
metals from group 2 of the periodic table form ions with a charge of
2+
what pair of electrons is isoelectric?
O2- and Ne
which element has the smallest atomic radii?
fluorine
which element has the largest atomic radius?
francium
which 3 elements are likely to have similar chemical and physical properties/
magnesium
calcium
strontium
t of f, ionic compounds usually contain both a metallic and non-metallic element
true
t or f, in the molecule BF3, the boron atom is an exception to the octet rule
ture
t or f, three electrons shared between two atoms correspond to a triple bond
false
t or f resonance occurs when two or more different, valid lewis structures can be drawn for a molecule
ture
t or f, because the C-Cl bond in CCl4 is polar, the CCl4 molecule will also be polar
false
t or f, is the molecule NH3 nonpolar?
false
t or f, the mole is the chemical unit of amount and represents a count of 6.02x1023 items
true
the compound CaI2 is named
calcium iodide
what is the correct chemical formula for sodium carbonate?
Na2CO3
the correct name for the compound NF7 is ?
nitrogen heptaflouride
the correct name for the compound, MnO2 is
manganese (IV) oxide
what is the correct name of the compound HCl?
hydrochloric acid
what is the correct formula for sulfuric acid?
H2SO4
what is the correct name for the compound Al2(CO3)3?
aluminum carbonate
what atom will most likely be the central atom in a molecule consisting of one atom each of carbon, oxygen, chlorine and hydrogen?
carbon
how many bonding pairs are around the central atom in the lewis structure of CO2
how many nonbonding pairs are around the central atom in the lewis structure of the molecule H2O?
2
according to the VSEPR theory, what is the molecular geometry of H2O?
bent
t or f, osmosis may be definied as the movement of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to one of higher solute concentration
true
t or f, in normal room lighting, the eye can distinguish a true solution from a colloidal one
false
t or f, the heavier the solute molecule is, the greater the effect on the freezing point of a solution
false
t or f, the amount of freezing point depression or boiling point elevation depends only on the number of the solute particles added to the solution
true
t or f, the solubility of gases increases significantly at higher temps
false
t or f, osmotic pressure is the amount of pressure required to stop the flow across a semipermeable membrane
true
t or f, the boiling point of water is increased by dissolving salt in the water
true
t or f, ionic substances tend to dissolve easily in water
true
t or f, an aqueous solution of 8.38 molal ethylene glycol would show a decrease in freezing point of 15.6 C
true
which molecule can form hydrogen bonds?
HF
which of the following solutions would have the lowest freezing point?
3.0 mole KNO3 (strong electrolyte) dissplved in 1 L of water
in a solution, the solvent
can be a solid, liquid or gas
in water, a substance that does not dissociate in solution is called a
nonelectrolyte
what type of liquid displays the tyndall effect?
colloidal suspension
determine the type of intermolecular attraction in each of the following substances and choose the one expected to have the highest boiling point?
CH3OH
what property of liquids explains the formation of spherical water droplets on green leaves?
surface tension
to find normality?
double the first number
to which elements must hydrogen be bonded in order to display hydrogen bonding?
flourine
oxygen
nitrogen
t or f, a liquid state will have a lower entropy than a solid state
false
t or f, a catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction and is not consumes in the process
true
t or f, the oxidizing agent is oxidized during an oxidation reduction reaction
false
t or f,the conversion of Mn2+ to Mn 4+ is an oxidation reaction
true
t or f, a reaction is carried out in a coffee cup calorimeter. It is observed that the temperature of the contents of the calorimeter decreases. this means that the reaction is endothermic
true
t or f, the addition of an acid to water increases the [h30+] and decreases the pH
true
t or f,according the le chateliers principle, an increase in pressure applied to a mixture of gases at equilibrium will shift the reaction toward the side with more moles of gas
false
t or f,when the equilibrium constant for a reversible reaction is much greater than one, the equilibrium is said to lie to the right
true
t or f, when heat is added to an exothermic reaction, the reaction shifts to form more reactant
true
what word is used to describe a solution that contains a conjugate acid-base pair and is resistant to large changes in pH?
buffer
what will increase the rate of a reaction?
increasing the temperature
increasing the concentration of a reactant
adding a catalyst
ensuring that the reactants are properly aligned when they collide
a substance that can behave as either an acid or a base is
an amphiprotic substance
the reaction of a strong acid with a strong bases produces a salt and another product. What is the identity of the other product?
water
the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid is that the strong acid ionizes ____ where as the weak acid ionizes ____
completely
slightly
which species is a diprotic acid?
H2SO4
what is the conjugate base of H2SO4?
HSO4-
what generic process occurs at the anode of a voltaic cell?
