A&P Finals!

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  1. The sac around the heart.
    Pericardium
  2. inhalation
    inspiration
  3. rough projections that provide friction to handle food
    papillae
  4. the proteins that determine the + or - of the blood
    Rh factor
  5. smooth muscle of the vessel contracts reducing the diameter of the vessel
    vasoconstriction
  6. flap-like structure that helps prevent foods and liquids from entering the airway
    epiglottis
  7. organs that produce sex cells
    gonads
  8. muscle fibers relax and the diameter of the vessel increases
    vasodilation
  9. female gonads
    ovaries
  10. the outermost layer of the heart
    epicardium
  11. yellowish green liquid secreted by hepatic cells
    bile
  12. exhalation
    respiration
  13. male gonads
    testes
  14. maximum pressure during ventricular contraction
    Diastolic blood pressure
  15. lowest pressure that remains in arteries before the next ventricular contraction
    systolic blood pressure
  16. prevention of unwanted pregnancy
    Contraception
  17. sex cells
    gametes
  18. mastication means to_______.
    chew
  19. special organs of taste found in the mouth, on the tongue, and walls of the throat are called _________.
    Papillae
  20. Universal blood recipient ____
    AB+
  21. Universal blood donor ___
    O-
  22. The upper chambers of the heart are called
    1)_____. The lower chambers of the heart are called 2)_____.
    1)Atria. 2)Ventricles.
  23. Strong elastic vessels adapted for carrying blood Away from the heart under high pressure are called ______.
    Arteries
  24. Vessels that bring blood back to the heart are ___
    Veins
  25. The mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods and the absorption of the resulting nutrients by cells is called _____.
    Digestion
  26. The process of gas exchange between the atmosphere and the body cells is called _____.
    Respiration
  27. Movement of air from outside the body into and out of the bronchial tree and alveoli is called ____.
    Breathing
  28. The cone shaped projection that extends downward from the soft palate that can keep you from choking is the ____.
    Uvula
  29. The Pear-shaped sack located in the depression of the liver that stores bile is the _______.
    Gall Bladder
  30. The part of the respiratory system that houses the voice box is the _____.
    Larynx
  31. The breathing tube is called the ______
    Trachea
  32. The ____ ____ is where the trachea splits into two parts heading down into the lungs.
    Bronchial Tree
  33. The terminal duct for both the reproductive system and the urinary system is called the _____
    Urethra
  34. A pouch consisting of the loose skin that encloses and protects the testes is called the _______.
    Scrotum
  35. The portion of the male anatomy used to introduce sperm into the vagina is the ____________.
    Penis
  36. The female reproductive organ that serves as the sight for menstruation, implantation of fertilized egg, development of fetus and labor is the _________.
    Uterus
  37. 1.  What is the main function of the diaphragm?
    2.  How does it work, and what does it aid the human body in doing?
    • 1.  It is the main muscle of respiration and plays a vital role in the breathing process.
    • 2.  Contracts - air in, relaxes - air out.
  38. Movement occurs in the human body when:
    A muscle contracts, pulling a more moveable bone toward a more stationary bone.
  39. Explain origin and insertion.  Make sure you include something about contraction in your answer.
    Origin - point of attachment to the more stationary bone.  Insertion - point of attachment to the more moveable bone.  Contraction - insertion to origin.
  40. 1.  What muscle group is the rectus femoris part of?  2.  How many muscles are there in this group.
    1.  Quadriceps.  2.  4 muscles.
  41. What muscle group is the biceps femoris part of?
    The hamstring group.
  42. Name the longest muscle in the human body.
    The Sartorius.
  43. Why is the cardiovascular system called a closed system of circulation?
    Because nothing enters or exits the circulation.
  44. Name the organs of the cardiovascular system.
    Heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins.
  45. The right atrium receives blood from what 2 major veins.
    Superior and inferior venacava.
  46. Explain why it is important to take care of enamel on your teeth.
    Because once its gone, its gone for good.
  47. Name and explain one way the body breaks down food mechanically:
    Chewing - by using your teeth and moving your jaw up and down.
  48. Name and explain one way the body breaks down food chemically.
    Saliva - the chemicals break it down as food travels.
  49. Name the four blood types.
    A, B, AB, O.
  50. 1.  Hepatic cells belong in what organ.
    2.  What do they produce.
    • 1.  Liver
    • 2.  Bile
  51. Is the digest system termed as open or closed?
    Explain why.
    Open, because things enter and exit the digestive system.
  52. Name the three parts of the small intestine in order.
    Duodenum, jejunum, illeum.
  53. Explain why it is important to immediately get your appendix taken out when it ruptures.
    Because it could leak bacteria and cause infection.  Ec:  E-coli is the bacteria.
  54. What is the primary function of the reproductive system.
    To make babies.
  55. Explain the difference between the ovarian and menstrual cycles.
    • Ovarian - preparation of the uterus for implantation.
    • Menstrual Cycle - first day of the period/first sight of any blood.
  56. Explain why it is important for the scrotum to maintain a constant temperature of about 3 degrees lower than body temperature.
    Because it could make you infertile, sperm can't survive.
  57. Frontalis
    Raises eyebrows
  58. Zygomaticus
    Makes you smile.
  59. Masseter
    Moves/closes the jaw.
  60. Deltoids
    Abducts the arm
  61. Biceps Brachii
    Curls forearm
  62. Triceps brachii
    Extends forearm
  63. Rectus abdominus
    Flexes vertebral column/helps you stand erect.
  64. Soleus
    Points your toes
  65. Explain the difference between contraction and movement.
    Contraction - muscle shortens pulling the insertion to the origin.  Movement - occurs when the muscle contracts a moveable bone.
  66. Why are the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein termed "special"?
    Because they carry the opposite of what they usually carry in the body.  Artery carries oxygen low blood.  Vein carries oxygen high blood.
  67. Name and explain the four phases of the human sexual response.
    • 1.  Excitement - sexual passion builds, penis and clitoris become erect, testes, labia, nipples may swell.
    • 2.  Plateau - increased breathing and heart rate.
    • 3. Orgasm - rhythmic contractions of the reproductive structures, extreme pleasure for both partners. 
    • 4.  Resolution - Structures return to normal size, muscles relax, passion subsides.
  68. Name and explain four methods of contraception.
    • 1.  Birth Control - prevents release of gametes.
    • 2.  Morning After - taken within three days of sex
    • 3.  Interuterine Devices - prevents implantation.
    • 4.  Condoms - Keeps man stuff our of your vagina. 
    • 5. Abstinence - no sex
  69. Name and explain 2 unreliable forms of contraception.
    • 1.  Pull and pray - pull our penis before ejaculation.  Doesn't work because male ejaculates small amounts during sex.
    • 2.  Rhythm - refraining from sex for a few days around ovulation.  Not certain when female is always ovulating.

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Author:
 Melissa_Dantic
ID:
 273524
Filename:
 A&P Finals!
Updated:
 2014-05-07 01:36:45
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