coastal process 2

• hurricanes
• wind-driven waves

• groins
• jetties
• breakwaters
• sea walls
• etc.

the structures interfere with the littoral transport of sediment along the beach and cause undesirable deposition and erosion in their vicinity

• zoning restrictions
• dam removal
• education
• warnings
• removal of insurance

• arches - formed by coastal erosion, they then become stacks
• stacks - former arches
• sea caves - coastal erosion
• barrier islands - elongated offshore accumulation of sand that stops large waves reaching the shore of mainland

etc.

the moon's gravitational pull creates tidal bulges and as the earth rotates this creates high and low tides

sand transport that is parallel to the shore, such as longshore drift

• waterflow parallel to shore that develops in the surf zone as the result of waves that strike land at an angle
• responsible for longshore drift

sand transport that is perpendicular to the shore

continual movement of sand grains along the shore by the runup and backwash of waves

• occurs when erosion and deposition are not in equilibrium
• sediment isn't carried to the coast and it "starves" causing major erosion
• damming rivers is major cause