-
Hinduism
Brahman
- ◦Infinite Spirit, True Reality, Ultimate,
- Existent
Atman
◦Self, True Self, Immortal Soul, Spirit
Krishna
- ◦Avatar of Vishnu, maintains order,
- associated with cows
Yoga
- ◦Discipline; Physical, mental, and
- spiritual practices that help a person understand reality
Dharma
- ◦Duty, sacred duty, law, order; determined
- by class, age, family relationships; maintains universal harmony
Bhakti
- ◦Devotion; disciplined action without
- attachment
- Attachment and Fruits of Action
◦Conflicts with dharma; craving
Senses/Sensuous Objects
- ◦Must be controlled by the mind and
- intellect
Karma
- ◦Action, system of actions and
- consequences
Samsara
◦Cycle of birth-death-rebirth
Nirvana
- ◦Escape from Samsara; rejoining of atman
- with Brahman
-
Buddism
Suffering
- ◦Three
- Types: Pain, Change and Knowledge of Change
Craving
- ◦Desire,
- wanting anything; Caused by ignorance
Samsara
- ◦Cycle
- of re-death; Inherently unpleasant
Nirvana
- ◦Extinguishing;
- Blowing out; Not a state of being or a place
Karma
- ◦System
- of actions and consequences
Compassion
- ◦Necessary
- because everything is interconnected
- through cause and effect; nothing exists independently
- No-Self
- ◦No
- permanent, independent self or soul; Illusion created by arrangement of five
- parts (aggregates)
Mindfulness
- ◦Awareness,
- control over the mind and senses
- ◦Teaching
- what is most important and appropriate at that moment
◦
-
Confusism
Ritual
- ◦Rites and practices on specific
- occasions; daily etiquette; cultivating personality
Goodness
- ◦Sincerity and intention – cognitive and
- behavioral; mold yourself; development of a type of character/disposition
- through practicing overtime
Filial Piety
- ◦Starting point for peaceful society –
- trickle up and down; internal and external component
Teaching and Learning
- ◦Practice and observation, not
- theoretical; No formula
- ◦Importance
- of Interpersonal Relationship
-
Daoism
Dao
- ◦Cosmic principle, transcendent source of
- and pattern for everything in the cosmos, the way things are or should be
Wuwei
- ◦Spontaneous action,
- acting with the Dao, free and easy wandering, matching heavenly with heavenly
Distinctions
- ◦No eternal categories like “beautiful”
- vs. “ugly,” false fixities, value the de-valued, useful and useless, words are
- limited
Perspective
- ◦Aiming for big-picture, more than just
- “us,” recognizing other perceptions, flexibility, avoid attachment
Forgetting
- ◦Forget rigid distinctions and differences
- of perspective, forget yourself so you can follow the Dao
-
Shintoism
Wa
- ◦Harmony;
- achieve balance between each other and the spirits
Kami
- ◦Spirits;
- ancestors and gods
State
- ◦Supports
- and supported by Shintoism, Emperor (and therefore Japanese) descendants of
- divine
Syncretism
- ◦Incorporates
- aspects of other religions Confucianism (social harmony, relationships),
- Buddhism (afterlife), Daoism (change as natural), and Christianity (marriage)
Myths
- ◦Guidance
- for ethics, social behavior, ritual; build identity; cosmology; establish
- tradition
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