-
Analgesic
- Demerol(Meperidine)
- Morphine
- Dilaudid
- (Hydromorphone)
- Intended Action:Relieve severe pain
- SE: Hypotension, dependence, depress respirations, spasmogenic
- to biliary ducts (esp. Morphine)
-
Anti-inflammatory
- Prednisone
- Intended Action: Wide usage - given in ulcerative colitis to decrease inflammation and scar formation
- SE: Fluid retention, mask infection,
- adrenal insufficiency if withdrawn suddenly, gastric irritation
-
Anti-infective
- Azulfidine (sulfasalazine)
- Neomycin
- Flagyl(metronidazole),
- Biaxin (clatithromycin)
- Intended Action: Relieve ulcerative colitis, decrease intestinal bacteria Broad spectrum antibiotic Treat H. Pylori infection
- SE: Some hypersensitivity, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Rash, increased BUN, anemia neutropenia
-
H2 receptor antagonist
- Tagamet (cimetidine)
- Zantac (ranitidine)
- Pepcid (famotidine)
- Axid (hizatidine)
- Intended Action: Inhibits gastric acid secretion Decreases output of pepsin
- SE: Headache, gynecomastia, confusion in elderly, dizziness, drowsiness, diarrhea, or constipation
-
Anti-ulcer
- Carafate(sulcrafate)
- Intended Action:Acts locally - combines with proteins and fibrin in ulcer crater to produce barrier over ulcer
- SE:Give ½ to 1 hour AC - not to be given with antacids
-
GI Stimulant (Cholinergic- like)
- Reglan(metoclopramide)
- Intended Action: Stimulates motility of upper GI tract - thus accelerates gastric emptying and intestinal transit
- SE: Give 30 minutes before meals Drowsiness, fatigue occur
-
Anti ulcer (Proton pump inhibitors and gastric acid pump inhibitors)
- Prilosec (Omeprazole)
- Prevacid (lansoprazole)
- Protonix (pantoprazole)
- Nexium (esomeprazole)
- Intended Action:Suppress gastric acid secretion by 90%
- SE:Safety for long term use not established (Rx for 4-8 wk), may relapse after D/C May cause abnormal liver function tests. Administer before meals; Avoid alcohol and NSAID’s
-
Cytoprotective &
Antisecretory
- Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Intended Action: Prevent gastric mucosal injury from NSAID's, Decrease gastric acid secretion, increase mucous
- SE: Abdominal pain, diarrhea Contraindicated in pregnancy
-
Antacids
- Amphogel
- Maalox
- Gelusil
- Intended Action: Coat mucous membranes of upper GI tract and neutralize acid
- SE:May be constipation or diarrhea Primary treatment of peptic ulcer Best given pc
-
Anticholinergics
- Atropine
- Probanthine
- Bentyl (dicyclomine)
- Robinul(glycopyrrolate)
- Intended Action: Decrease gastric motility and secretions - antispasmodic
- SE:Pupil dilatation, dry mouth, tachycardia, urinary retention Prone to constipation
-
Cathartic
- Miralax
- Castor Oil
- Ducolax (biscodyl)
- MOM
- Colace
- (docusate)
- Intended Action: Promote bowel evacuation for constipation or X-ray study Stool softener
- SE:Cramping, bowel urgency, extended use leads to nutritional deficiencies Give adequate fluids
-
Antidiarrheic
- Kaopectate - local
- Lomotil - systemic
- (contains Atropine)
- Intended Action: Absorb gas and toxic substances Decrease gastric motility
- SE: Rare Euphoria or slight sedation; Guard against over dosage
-
Antiemetic
- Anzemet (dolasetron)
- Compazine (Prochlorperazine)
- Zofran (ondansetron)
- Intended Action:Decrease nausea and vomiting
- SE: Drowsiness, hypotension Constipation
|
|
