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The flashcards below were created by user
shmvii
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
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how to diagnose cystic fibrosis
- blood test indicating trypsinogen
- positive sweat electrolyte test
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bronchiectasis
- chronic congenital or acquired
- abnormal dilation of bronchi and excessive sputum production
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respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) aka hyaline membrane disease
alveolar collapse in premature infant 2/2 inadequete levels of pulmonary surfactant
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PaCO2 in obstructive vs restrictive
- obstructive: it increases
- restrictive: decreases
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FEV1 in obstructive vs restrictive
- obs: sharp decrease
- rest: normal
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1 METÂ equals what?
what activities?
- uptake of 3.5 mL of O2 per kg of body wt per min
- 3.5 mL O2/kg/min
- (at rest / 1 MET- at body consumes ~200-250 mL O2/min)
- sitting, reading, AROM in supine, amb at 1mph
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7-10 METs -- what activities?
running, basketball, heavy shoveling, vigorous skiing...
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lidocain, dilantin, norpace, quinidine -- what are they?
anti-arrhythmic drugs
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atropine is what?
- anti-cholinergic
- used for heart block or bradycardia
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how do atropine and other anticholinergic drugs work?
inhibit acetylcholine at parasymp nerves, blocking vagal effects on SA and AV noes
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side effects of anti-cholinergic drugs such as atropine
palpitations, headache, restlessness, ataxia, dry mouth, blurred vision
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beta-adrenergic blocking agents (beta blockers)
- decrease HR, BP, contractility, SV
- they increase tolerance for exercise, but if on beta-blockers you can't use HR etc to eval the tolerance - use a perceived exertion scale
- all end in -olol
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calcium channel blockers do what?
- vasodilate and relieve coronary artery spasm
- can lead to inschemia
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digitalis/digoxin - does what?
- slows HR
- increases contractility / pumping ability
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heart block is what? what med is used?
- spread of electrical excitation to the heart is interrupted or slowed
- atropine
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infarction
necrotic tissue 2/2 loss of blood supply to that area
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lipoproteins do what?
carry fat in blood to cells
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LDL are associated with...
arterial damage
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HDL do what
- promote removal of cholesterol by liver
- mod levels of exercise may increase HDL levels
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nitrates
- drugs that dilate blood vessels to reduce BP, preload, and O2 demands of heart
- ex: nitroglycerin
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3 serum enzymes that appear in circulation following death of cardiac muscle cells
- creatine phosphate (CPK)
- lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
- serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT)
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R coronary artery supplies...
- R atrium
- R ventricle
- AV node
- SA node
- interventricular septum
- inferior wall of L ventricle
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L coronary artery supplies...
- all of L vent except the inf wall
- interventricular septum
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cor pulmonale
failure or hypertrophy of R ventrucle 2/2 disorders of lungs, pulmonary vessels, or chest wall
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lasix is what kind of med?
diuretic
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bruit
- abnormal sound/murmor of arterial or venous origin
- indicates: atherosclerosis
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low stroke volume --> what kind of pulse?
weak, thready
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shortened ventricular systole and decreased peripheral pressure --> what kind of pulse?
bounding, full
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S1 sound indicates what?
- closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
- the start of systole
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S2 indicates what?
- closing of pulm and aortic valve
- end of systole
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S3 is associated with...?
congestive heart failure
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S4 is associated with
MI or chronic hypertension
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