-
Penicillin
- MOA: Cell wall inhibitor, Beta-lactam-I (Cidal)
- SE: N/V/D, nephritis
- PREG: B
-
Cephalosporins
- MOA: Cell wall inhibitor, Beta-lactam-I (Cidal)
- SE: N/V/D, nephritis, seizures
- PREG: B
-
Aminoglycosides
- MOA: protein synthesis I, 30s 50s ribosomal subunits (Cidal)
- SE: Nephrotoxicity, Hearing loss,
- BBW: Neurotoxxicity, nephrotoxicity
- PREG: D
-
Carbapenems
- MOA: Cell wall inhibitor, Beta-lactam-I (Cidal)
- SE: D, rash, seizures
- PREG: B / C(imipenem)
-
Fluoroquinolones
- MOA: Topoisomerase IV-I, DNA gyrase-I (Cidal)
- SE: QT prolongation, peripheral neuropathy, seizures (CNS), Hypoglycemia, Photosensitivity, Hepatotoxicity
- BBW: Tendon rupture
- PREG: C
-
Macrolides
- MOA: Protein synthesis-I, 50s ribosomal subunit (Static)
- SE: QT prolongation, Hepatotoxicity, Ototoxicity, GI upset
- PREG: B/ C(clarithromycin)
-
Tetracyclines
- MOA: Protein synthesis-I, 30s Ribosomal (Static)
- SE: GI upset, Photosensitivity, rash, Lupus-Like Syndrome, bone marrow supression
- BBW: children <8yo
- PREG: D
-
Sulfonamide
- MOA: (Static) dihydrofolic acid-I
- SE: GI upset, SJS, crystalluria, photosensitivity, hypokalemia, hypoglyccemia, QT prolongation
- BBW: Pregnancy at term
- PREG: C/D at term
-
Glycopeptide- Vancomycin
- MOA: (Cidal) glycopeptide-I cell wall
- SE: GI upset, Red-man syndrome, Nephrotoxicity, Bone marrow suppression, ototoxicity
- PREG: B oral/ C IV
-
Oxazolidinone- Linezolid
- MOA: (Static) 23s ribosomal 50s subunit-I
- SE: Myleosuppression, neuropathy, serotonin syndrome, Hypoglycemia, HA, D
- BBW: use with MAO-I
- PREG: C
-
Streptogramin- Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
- MOA: (Cidal) 50s ribosomal subunit-I
- SE: Myalgias (47%), infusion reaction (44%), Phlebitis (40%), hyperbilirubinemia (35%), GI upset
- PREG: B
-
Lipopeptide- Daptomycin
- MOA: (Cidal) depolarization membrane intracellular replication-I
- SE: Myopathy, GI upset, CNS, hypo/er-Kalemia
- PREG: B
-
Lipoglycopeptide- Telavancin
- MOA: peptidoglycan cross-link-I
- SE: QT prolongation, Red-man-S, Nephrotoxicity, N/V, metallic taste
- PREG: C
-
Monobactam- Aztreonam
- MOA: (Cidal) cell wall synthesis cross-link-I
- SE: rash, D/N/V,
- PREG: B
-
Polymyxin- Colistimethate
- MOA: (cidal) cationic detergent damaging cell membrane
- SE: Nephrotoxicity, CNS,
- PREG: C
-
Chloramphenicol
- MOA: 50s ribosomal subunit-I (Cidal)
- SE: Gray syndrome, Myelosuppression, urticaria
- BBW: Aplastic anemia, fatal blood dyscrasias
- PREG: C
-
Ketolide- Telithromycin (Ketek)
- MOA: (Cidal) 50s ribosomal-I
- SE: Hepatic filure, QT prolongation, Visual, GI upset,CNS, rash
- BBW: Do not use in Myasthenia Gravis
- PREG: C
-
Glycylcyclines- tigecycline (Tygacil)
- MOA: (static) 30s ribosomal-I
- SE: Hepatotoxicity, Pancreatits, Photosensitivity, GI, CNS,rash
- BBW: DEATH-last resort, not < 8yo
- PREG: D
-
Lincomycin- Clindamycin (Cleocin)
- MOA: (Static) 50s ribosomal-I
- SE: GI upset, urticaria, SJS
- BBW: colitis- possibly fatal
- PREG: B
-
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Tinidazole (Tindamax)
- MOA: (Cidal) DNA helical structure breakage
- SE: GI, CNS (seizures, encephalopathy), metallic taste, glossitis, darkened urine, rash
- BBW: Possibly carcinogenic
- PREG: Metro= B/ CI-1st trimester, Tinid=C/CI-1st trimester
-
Rifaximin (Xifaxan)
- MOA: (Cidal) Binds DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
- SE: Flatulence, GI, rash
- PREG: C
-
Fosfomycin (Monurol)
- MOA: (Cidal) Pyruval transferase-I (cell wall)
- SE: HA/D/N
- PREG: B
-
Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin, Macrobid, Furadantin)
- MOA: (Cidal) cell wall-I
- SE: N,HA, hepatotoxicity, neuropathy, Brown urine, Pulmonary toxicity
- CI: CrCl<60
- PREG: B/ CI at term
-
Fidaxomicin (Dificid)
- MOA: (Cidal) RNA polymerase-I
- SE: N/V, GI bleeding, anemia
- PREG: B
-
Amphotericin B
- MOA: (Cidal) Binds ergosterol-membrane permeability
- SE: Flu-like symptoms, nephrotoxicity, Anemia, N/V, HA
- BBW: Errors administration of Lipid/conventional dosing
- PREG: B
-
Flucytosine (Ancobon)
- MOA: converted to 5FU
- SE: CNS, hepatitis, Bone marrow suppression, Aplastic Anemia
- BBW: Renal dysfunction, hepatic status
- PREG: C
-
Azole Antifungals
- MOA: ergosterol synthesis-I cell membrane
- SE: QT prolongation, HA, N/V/ LFTs, CNS,
- BBW: QT prolongation, hepatotoxicity, 3A4 substrates
- PREG: C/ D-voriconazole
-
Echinocandins
- MOA: Beta(1,3)-D-glucan synthesis-I, cell wall
- SE: N/V/D, LFTs, Hypo (K, Mg, tension)
- PREG: C/ B (anidulafungin)
-
Griseofulvin (Griffulvin, Gris-PEG)
- MOA: binds keratin percursor cells (stops invasion)
- SE: HA, rash, photosensitivity, LFTs, Agranulocytosis, severe skin reations
- CI: liver disease, porphyria, pregnancy
- PREG: X
-
Terbinafine (Lamisil)
- MOA: squalene epoxidase-I (cell wall)
- SE: HA, D, rashes,LFT, loss of taste
- PREG: B
-
NRTIs Class
- MOA: inhibit viral replication
- SE: N/V, LFTs, CBC
- BBW: Lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly
-
NNRTI class
- MOA: inhibits viral replication
- SE: Rash (SJS, TEN), Hepatotoxicity
-
PI class
- MOA: renders immature noninfectious virions
- SE: Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, fat maldistribution, hepatitis
- CI: DDI: 3A4 inhibitors
-
Fusion I (Enfuvirtide- Fuzeon)
- MOA: gp41 conformational change-I for CD4 cell entry
- SE: Injection reaction, risk bacterial pneumonia
-
CCR5 Antagonist (Maraviroc- Selzentry)
- MOA: CCR5-I on CD4 cell preventing entry
- SE:URTI, rash (SJS), hepatotoxicity, musculoskeletal symptoms.
- CI: CrCl< 30 w 3A4 inhibitors/inducers
- BBW: hepatotoxicity
-
Intergrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs)
- MOA: Integrase-I, blocks viral DNA from nucleus entry
- SE: insomnia, N/V/D, HA, rash
- BBW: Elvitegravir (stribild)-lactic acidosis with severe hepatomegaly
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