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shmvii
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surface appearance of a superficial partial-thickness burn
intact blisters and moist, weeping, glistening surface when blisters are removed
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appearance of a deep partial thickness burn
wat surface with brocken blisters
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appearance of full thickness burn
parchment like, leathery, dry surface
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connection between most antidepressants and falls risk
most tricyclic antidepressangs have anticholinergic and sedative properties --> lethargy, sedation, arrhytmias, hypotension, blurred vision
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when may tricyclic antidepressants --> HTN, tachycardia, and convulsions?
when combined with MAO inhibitors
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digitalis / digoxin does what
decreases HR and increases force of myocardial contraction
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side effects of digitalis / digoxin
- weakness
- palpitations
- fatigue
- HA
- bradycardia
- arrhytmias
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erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- measures how much inflammation is in the body
- norms:
- Men < 50 yo: < 15 mm/hr
- Men > 50 yo: < 20 mm/hr
- Women < 50 yo: < 20 mm/hr
- Women > 50 yo: < 30 mm/hr
- Children: Newborn: 0 to 2 mm/hr
- Newborn to puberty: 3 to 13 mm/hr
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2 calcium channel blockers
verapamil diltiazem
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antigout drugs
- allopurinol
- or lithium via iontophoresis
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side effects of nsaids such as aspirin
- GI problems
- peripheral edema
- easy brusing and bleeding
- confusion
- depression
- dizziness
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pain in arterial vs diabetic ulcers?
- arterial are painful, diabetic are not
- also, little pain w venous ulcers
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coloring associated with arterial uclers
- irregular edges, not dark ulcer
- surrounding skin is pale
- absent pulses
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cellulitis vs dermatitis vs scleroderma presentations
- cellulitis: hot, red, edematous, fever
- dermatitis: red, weeping, crusted skin lesions, no fever
- scleroderma: a collagen disease --> tight, drawn skin
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daithermy
"electrically induced heat" using high-frequency electromagnetic currents
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talocrural joint
distal tib fib and the talus
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subtalar joint
talus - calcaneus
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ratio for putting a ramp over stairs
stereotypical step height
- 12 inches of ramp / 1 inch vertical rise
- 7-9 inches per step
- Sooo, for a 3 step entry you want 21 feet of ramp
- This gives you an 8% grade
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Kussmaul's respirations
- deep and rapid, labored
- seen in hyperglycemia, severe metabolic acidosis
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breathing in metabolic acidosis
initially rapid and shallow, but as CO2 accumulates it gets deeper, labored, gasping trying to fight this (Kussmaul's respirations)
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use of compression pumps at pressures higher than __ an cause damage to lymphatic vessels (esp if there's lymphedema??)
60 mmHg
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significant lymphedema is indicated by what circumference changes UE vs LE
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pts with vascular insufficiency and claudication pain should walk how much?
- 2-3x/day
- short duration, just going to tolerable pain, then taking a rest
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spondylolisthesis
forward displacement of a vertebra
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spondylolysis
fracture of the pars interarticularis (btwn sup and inf articular processes)
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x-ray angle for viewing a scotty dog fracture / spondylolylis
oblique
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Cushing's syndrome
2/2 what
symptoms
- 2/2 exposure to high levels of cortisol for too long
- moon face, central obesity, fatty deposit between shoulders, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, HTN, muscle weakness, wasting, bone loss, DM, thin fragile skin, fatigue, depression, HA, cog changes
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Addison's disease
aka
describe
symptoms
- adrenal insufficiency
- body creating too little cortisol and maybe too little aldosterone
- darkening skin (hyperpigmentation)
- fatigue
- wt loss
- N/V
- dizzy/fainting
- salt cravings
- muscle or joint pains
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primary lig that restrains anterolateral translation of talus in the mortis
anterior talofibular lig
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anterior drawer test of ankle primarily tests what lig
anterior talofibular lig
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primary restraint to ankle inversion when ankle is in neutral or DF
- calcaneofibular lig
- also limits talar tilt
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percentage of body wt used for lumbar traction
- split table: > 25%
- nonsplit table: >50%
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platelet count -- norms? means what?
- 150,000-400,000 platelets per microliter
- too low -- you'll bleed
- too high -- you'll clot
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what's it called if you have too many or too few WBCs?
- leukocytosis -- too many
- leukopenia -- too few
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immediate side effects of radiation
skin effects: erythema, edema, dryness, itching, hair & fingernail loss, loose skin
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ideomotor vs ideational apraxia
- idiomotor: can't perform on command but can do spontaneously
- ideational: can't perform it at all
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anosognosia
having no awareness of one's own disability
usually 2/2 injury to parietal lobe or a diffuse lesion on the fronto-temporal-parietal area in the right hemisphere
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asomatognosia
pt denies ownership of own limbs
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