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Q angle
- angle btwn a line from ASIS to central patella & central patella to tibial tubercle
- norms: 13 for men, 18 for women
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things that increase Q angle
- weak vastus medialis
- tibial ER
- femoral anteversion
- genu valgum
- tight lateral retinaculum
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dull, aching pain travels in which tract
anterior (paleo)spinothalamic tract
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discriminative (is a stim sharp or dull) pain travels in which tract
lateral (neo)spinothalamic tract
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discriminative touch (2 pt discrim) is in which tract
proprioceptive pathways (fasciculus gracilis/cuneatus, medial lemniscus)
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post MI pts (recent MI), what's the rec for how to judge exercise
HR < 120 and rate of perceived exertion < 13
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resting HR plus 30 is a good guide for exercising what pts?
postsurgical pts
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cycolosporine is what
immunosuppressant
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DM and ischemia?
- pts w DM can have silent ischemia -- they may not feel any angina
- so, monitor them with 12-lead EKG if you're concerned
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which kind of foam or gel cushion is used to relieve IT pressure
high density (not low)
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when to use low vs high detection sensitivity in biofeedback
- low: for spasticity, or any condition where there's too much contraction
- high: when you want to pick up subtle, small contractions
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adolescent female knee pain -- what are the normal positions of her hip, knee, tibia, foot for someone who developed this pain?
- femor: IR
- pes planus
- lateral tibial torsion
- genu valgum
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hip ER is associated with what at the knee?
genu varum
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oscillopsia
visual disturbance where objects seem to oscillate --> N/V
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Meniere's symptoms
- N/V
- episodic vertigo
- full sensation in ear
- low frequency hearing loss
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which CN does tongue protrusion
- hypoglossal CN XII
- and other tongue movements
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rise and fall of larynx during swallowing -- which CN
CN XI accessory
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best test for CN 9 and 10?
elicit gag reflex
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semi-fowler's position
high fowler's
- semi: supine but with head of bed raised 30 degrees
- high: hob up at 90 degrees (long sit)
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for a pt w/o abdominal musculature to return diaphragm to high-domed position for exhalation, what's the best pos in bed for breathing?
supine, flat
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ideational apraxia
- inability to perform purposeful motor act both automatically and on command
- failure in conceptualization of the task
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cognitive inattention
inability to select and attend to a specific stim while simultaneously suppressing extraneous stim
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most kids with Down syndrome walk by when
24 months
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serratus ant stabilizes scap when scap is where?
> 90 abd
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basal ganglia does what
problems here --> ?
- converts general motor activity into specific, goal directed action plans
- problems in motor planning, scaling of mvmnts and postures
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paralysis, hypertonicity, hyperreflexia -- which tract is involved?
corticospinal tract
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vagus nerve involvement --> what in uvula and gag reflex?
- uvula deviates to one side
- decreased gag reflex (I think CN IX can get this too)
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Kaposi-Stemmer sign (or just Stemmer's sign)
- inability or difficulty lifting or pinching skin over dorsal proximal fingers or toes
- indicates lymphedema
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continuous passive motion (CPM) on a knee following a TKR best assists __
active knee flexion
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ultrasound can be performed over implants made of what material
metal, not plastic
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trendelenburg position
supine, but tilted with feet 15-30 degrees higher than head
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pneumothorax
- collapsed lung
- symptoms included 1 sided chest pain, SOB, no breath sounds on that side,
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CT vs MRI
- CT: use x-rays, better at bones
- MRI: use magnets, better at soft tissue like the brain
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PD pt normal UE posture
- elbow flexion, shoulder add
- flexed, stooped posture
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soft callus phase of bone healing (visible on radiograph) is when?
2-6 weeks
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when can you say a fracture is nonunion
- if there's no sign of bone repair for 3 consecutive months
- (no bridging, no callus)
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ankylosing spondilitis
- long term arthritis in spine, usually at the base
- can lead to fusion of vertebra and a hunched posture
- first symptom: painful red-eye, light sensitivity, blurred vision
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