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displacement of the bones in a joint from their normal anatomic position
dislocation
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a break in the continuity of bone
fracture
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plastic splints filled with air to provide circumferntial support to an injured extremity
pneumatic (air) splint
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splint made of rigid material such as cardboard, wood, metal, or plastic. should be well padded
rigid splint
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a triangle shaped bandage used to support the weight of the arm
sling
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injury to ligaments, usually resulting from stetching force
sprain
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injury to muscles or their tendons, usually from overstreching or violent contractions
strain
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folded triangular bandage or roller bandage used to bind the upper arm to the chest wall
swathe
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device consisting of a metal frame and a pulley system to apply traction to the lower extremity
traction splint
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the skull, face, spinal column, and thoratic cavity are collectivly refered to as what part of the skeleton?
axial skelton
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the upper and lower extremities, the shoulder, and the pelvis are collectivly called what part of the skeleton?
appendicular skeleton
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calcified connective tissue that gives strength to the skeleton
bone
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softer precursor to the bony skeleton in the fetal stage and persists at the sight of bone growth
cartilage
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the cartilage found at the joints or articulations of bones is called:
articular cartilage
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tough connective tissue bands that bind one bone to another joint
ligaments
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tough connective tissue bands that connect muscle to bone and seves to pull or move bones as muscles contract
tendons
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tissue capable of contranction or shortening
muscles
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what are the 3 types of muscles?
- 1. voluntary (skeletal)
- 2. involuntary (smooth)
- 3. cadiac
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joining one bone with another is called?
articulation
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the name for the shoulder blade
scapula
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the name of the collar bone
clavicle
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the bone of the upper arm
humerus
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what is the main portion of the humerus refered to?
the Shaft
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the outer palpable projections of the lower humerus is called?
the medial and lateral epicondyles
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the bone located medially along the length of the forearm
ulna
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the posterior point of the elbow
olecranon
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the bone that lies parallel to the ulna on the lateral aspect or thumb side of the arm
radius
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the wrist is made up of 8 small bones called?
carpal bones
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consists of 5 bones that extend from the wrist to the knuckes
metacarpals
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the first row of finger bones are called?
phalanges
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ring like structue consiting of the sacrum and the coccyx posteriorly, the pubic symphysis anteriorly, and three fused bones
pelvis
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a winglike bone forming the superior lateral aspect of the pelvis
ilium
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the upper most part of the ilium is called the?
iliac crest
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this bone forms the posterior portion of the pelvis
ischium
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this bones bears the weight of the body in the sitting position
ischial tuberosity
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the pubis is composed of a body and superior and inferior ?
pubic rami
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the ilium, ischium, and pubis join together at the what? aka the socket for the hip joint
acetabulum
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the longest and strongest bone in the body
femur
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projections of bone serving as attachments for muscle on the femur
lesser and greater trochanters
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the shaft of the femur widens distally before articulaton at the knee were you can palpater the?
medial and lateral condyles
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the major weight bearing bone in the lower leg
tibia
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the name for the knee cap
patella
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the smaller bone running parallel, lateral, and posterior to the tibia
fibula
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the bones of the foot consist of 7? 5? and 14?
tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges
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the heel bone is also called?
calcaneus
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the two forces that can cause fractures
- direct (direct force applied)
- indirect (force transmitted along the axes of bones resulting in a fracture away from the impact site)
-
amount of blood loss with a fracture of the radius/ulna
250-500mL
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amount of blood loss with a fracture of the humerus
500-750mL
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amount of blood loss with a fracture of the pelvis
1500-3000mL
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amount of blood loss with a fracture of the femur
1000-2000mL
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amount of blood loss with a fracture of the tibia/fibula
500-1000mL
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