ABSITE Ch 4: Immunology

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What do helper T cells do?
- Release IL-2 -> matures cytotoxic T cells
- Release IL-4 -> Matures B-cells (plasma cells)
- Involved in delayed-type hypersensitivity
What do suppressor T cells do?

Regulate CD4 and CD8 T cells
What do Cytotoxic T cells do?

Recognize and attack non-self antigens attached to MHCI
MHC Class I
a) Recognized by?
b) Present on which cells?
c) How many chains?
- a) CD8 - cytotoxic T cells
- b) Present on all nucleated cells
- c) single chain with 5 domains
MHC class II
a) Recognized by?
b) Present on which cells?
c) How many chains?
- a) CD4 - T helper cells
- b) Present on antigen-presenting cells
- c) 2 chains with 4 domains eack
Natural killer cells function?

Recognize cells that lack self MHC (class I), part of immunosurveillance for cancer
IgM
- Initial Ab made after first exposure
- 5 domains
IgG
- Secondary immune response
- Crosses placenta
- 1 domain
Which Ab crosses the placenta?

IgG
Which Ab is secreted?

IgA
IgA
- Found in secretions and breast milk
- 2 domains
IgD

Membrane bound receptor on B cells
Which Ab are opsonins?
- IgM
- IgG
Which Ab fix compliment?
- IgM
- IgG
What does the variable region of an Ab do?

Recognized Ag
What does the constant region of an Ab do?

Recognized by target cells (for opsonization, etc)
Type I hypersensitivity?
- Immediate hypersensitivity reaction
- Eosinophils and IgE -> mast cells and basophils
Type II hypersensitivity?

IgG or IgM interact with cell-bound antigen
Type III hypersensitivity?

Immune complex deposition
Type IV hypersensitivity?

Delayed-type hypersensitivity - antigen stimulation of previously sensitized T cells
Major source of histamine in the blood?

Basophils
Major source of histamine in the tissues?

Mast cells
Primary lymphoid organs?
- Liver
- Bone
- Thymus
Secondary lymphoid organs?
- Spleen
- Lymph nodes
What is an immunologic chimera?

2 different cell lines in one individual
What does IL-2 do (oncologic treatment)?
- Converts lymphocytes to lymphokine-activated killer cells by enhancing immune response to tumor
- Converts lymphocytes into tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
- Has shown some success for melanoma
Tetanus prophylaxis
- Tetanus toxoid only if non-tetanus prone wound if < 3 doses or status unknown
- Always give toxoid if tetanus-prone wound unless pt is immunized
- Immune globulin if tetanus-prone wound and pt not immunized or status unknown

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khata

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ABSITE Ch 4: Immunology

Description

Absite review chapter 4: Immunology

Updated

2014-08-04T00:18:00Z

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