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Where were the plays performed?
outdoors
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Who performed the plays?
a chorus and three actors
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What were the costumes?
masks
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Why did they perform the plays?
religious festivals in honor of Dionysus, god of wine
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What were the types of plays?
tragedies and comedies
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What makes a tragedy?
stories that dealt with the mystic past
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What makes a comedy?
dealt with contemporary problems
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Describe a Greek play
At first riotous and obscene celebrations
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What happened to plays in the 5th century?
- They became more serious. began with a solemn procession
- entire city attended free of charge
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What was the chorus?
group of actors who moved and sand together; functions as a character in the play
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What was the purpose of the chorus?
to set the mood, to give background information; to give possible public opinion; might side with one of the characters
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What are the unities?
real time; only one place; only those things that can be displayed on stage
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What were not allowed in the unities?
violence, physical injuries, murder
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What are the characteristics of a Greek tragic hero?
- comes from nobility or high rank (King, Queen, President, Celebrity)
- tragic flaw (greed, lust, envy, gluttony, sloth, wrath, excessive pride)
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What is excessive pride called?
hubris
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What happens to a tragic hero?
experiences a reversal of fortune and has a downfall that arouses pity, fear, wonder, and awe
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A tragic hero
recognizes his mistakes and is purified by a release of emotional tension producing a feeling of calm.
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What is a catharsis?
the release of tension
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Who is Aeschylus?
father of tragedy; wrote 90-100 plays; added a second actor
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Who was Sophocles?
497-406 B.C.; came from a wealthy family; most successful of competitors at Athenian Dionysia festival; added a third actor; developed scene painting
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When was Aeschylus life span?
525-456 B.C.
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What is media res?
in the middle of the action
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What is reversal of fortune?
the turning point for the tragic hero
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What is recognition?
the moment when the hero knows the truth
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What is accursed?
under a curse; ill-fated; doomed
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What is atonement?
reparation for a wrong or injury; amends
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What is augury?
divination
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What is baseless?
having not basis, unfounded
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What is blight?
any of several diseases that wither or kill plants; something that damages or spoils
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What is calamitous?
disastrous
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What is defile?
to spoil the purity of
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What is divination?
a prophecy
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What is endowed?
provided with ability, talent, or quality
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What is fatalism?
doctrine that all events and conditions are predetermined by fate and cannot be altered by man
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What is impious?
lacking in reverence for gods or a god; irreligious
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What is incestuous?
- involving marriage or a sexual relationship between two persons who are closely related
- (parent/child, brother/sister)
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What is indictment?
accusation or criticism
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What is lineage?
direct descent from an ancestor
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What is mock?
to treat or address with ridicule or contempt
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What is an oracle?
divinely inspired priest, priestess or other medium through whom certain ancient gods, as Apollo, answered the questions of the worshippers shrine or temple of a god, as that at Delphi, where answers were given
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What is solicitude?
care;concern
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What is sulkily?
obstinately silent or withdrawn as a display of bad humor or resentfulness
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What is suppliants?
those who earnestly beg
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What is supplication?
earnest request or humble prayer
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Where did Oedipus Rex take place?
Thebes
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Where did Oedipus grow up?
Corinth
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What was the Sphinx?
- part lion/part woman (body of a lion, wings of an eagle and head of a woman)
- plagues Thebes
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What is the riddle of the Sphinx?
What walks on four legs in the morning, on two legs at noon, and on three legs in the evening?
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What was Delphi?
- location of the temple of Apollo
- all Greek men would journey there to discover their fate
- Oracle prophet of Delphi who told one's fate
- Greek concept of fate-no free will; life pre-planned; pre-destined
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What are the characters of Oedipus?
- Laius-former King of Thebes, supposedly killed by robbers
- Jocasta-widow of Laius; now married to Oedipus
- Oedipus- King of Thebes by marriage and due to answering the riddle of the Sphinx
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More Characters of Oedipus....
- Creon- Jocasta's brother
- Teiresias- blind prophet
- Antigone
- Ismene- daughters of Jocasta and Oedipus
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More characters.....
- Polybus-King of Corinth
- Merope-Queen of Corinth
- Corinthian messenger
- Palace messenger
- Old Shepherd
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