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Definition of Psychoanalysis
Type of psychotherapy in which emphasized the role of unconscious conflicts in determining behavior and personality.
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Who founded Psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
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The study of observable behavior.
Behaviorism
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What kind of psychology John Watson studied?
Behaviorism
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Definition of Humanistic
School of psychology and theoretical viewpoint that emphasizes each persons unique potential for psychological growth and self direction.
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Who discovered Humanistic Psychology?
Carl Rogers
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Eight major perspectives
- •The Positive Psychology Perspective
- •The Biological Perspective
- •The Humanistic Perspective
- •The Cognitive Perspective
- •The Behavioral Perspective
- •The Psychodynamic Perspective
- •The Evolutionary Perspective
- •The Cross-Cultural Perspective
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Major points of The Positive Psychology Perspective
A field of psychological research and theory focusing on the study positive emotions, positive traits, and personal happiness.
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Major Points of The Biological Perspective
It emphasizes studying the physical bases of human behavior including the nervous system, immune system, and genetics.
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A perspective that focuses on the motivation of people to grow psychologically, the influence of interpersonal relationships.
The Humanistic Perspective
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Perspective on thinking, language, and intelligence.
The Cognitive Perspective
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The Behavioral Perspective
How behavior is acquired or modified by environmental cause.
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A perspective that emphasize the importance of unconscious influences, early life experiences, and interpersonal relationsips
The Psychodynamic Perspective
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The Evolutionary Perspective
A perspective that focuses on the adaption of species so they could survive.
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The Cross-Cultural Perspective
How cultural factors influence patterns of behavior.
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Emphasizes the needs and goals of the individual over the needs and goals of the group.
Individualistic Culture
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Collectivistic Culture
Emphasize the needs and goals of the group over the needs and goals of the individual.
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4 Goals of Psychology
- •Describe
- •Explain
- •Predict
- •Control or Influence
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Correlation
Examines how strongly two variables are related to or associated with each other.
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Placebo
A fake substance, treatment, or procedure that has no known direct effects.
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Types of neurons
- •Sensory Neurons
- •Motor Neurons
- •Interneurons
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Communicating information from the environment to the central nervous system
Sensory Neurons
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Motor Neurons
Communicate information from the central nervous system to the muscles.
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Interneurons
Communicate information from one neuron to another.
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Automatic behaviors that are processed in the spinal cord.
Spinal Reflexes
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subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that communicates sensory information to the central nervous system and carries motor messages from the central nervous system to the muscles
Somatic nervous system
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Autonomic nervous system
Subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary functions.
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Sympathetic nervous system
Branch of the autonomic nervous system that produces rapid physical arousal in response to perceive emergencies or threats.
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Branch of the autonomic nervous system that maintains normal bodily functions and conserves the body's physical resources
Parasympathetic nervous system
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Definition of functional plasticity
The brains ability to shift functions from damaged to undamaged brain areas.
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The brains ability to change its physical structure in response to learning, active practice, or environmental influences.
Structural Plasticity
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What makes up the Limbic system?
- The Hippocampus
- The Thalamus
- The Hypothalamus
- The Amygdala
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What does the hippocampus do?
It's involved in learning and forming new memories.
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What does the thalamus do?
Involves regulating levels of awareness, attention,motivation, and emotional aspects of sensation.
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What does the hypothalamus do?
Regulates behaviors such as eating, drinking, fear, and aggression.
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What does the Amydala do?
Involves a variety emotional responses.
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The notion that specific psychological or cognitive functions are processed primary on one side of the brain.
Lateralization of Functions
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The process of detecting a physical stimulus, such as light, sound, heat, or pressure.
Sensation
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The process of intergrating, organizing, and interpreting sensations.
Perception
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The smallest possible strength of a stimulus that can be detected half the time.
Absolute Threshold.
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The smallest possible difference between two stimuli that can be detected half the time; also called just noticeable difference.
Difference Threshold
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Subliminal Perception
The detection of stimuli that are below the threshold of conscious awareness; non conscious perception.
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Gate-Control theory of pain
The theory that pain is a product of both physiological and physiological factors that cause spinal gates to open and relay patterns of intense stimulation to the brain, which perceives them as pain.
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Example of Bottom-up processing
Trying to figure out a jigsaw puzzle piece by piece without knowing what the final picture would be.
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Examples of a Gesalt
Us perceiving a picture as a whole than isolated pieces.
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