-
What nutrients are considered inorganic ?
Water and Minerals
-
How many Calories does each one
possess ? How many Kilojules are there present in one Kcal/Cal?
Carbohydrate :
Protein :
Fat :
Alcohol:
- Carbohydrate : 4
- Protein : 4
- Fat : 9
- Alcohol : 7
1 Kcal/Cal = 4.2
-
What Vitamins are water soluble and fat soluble ?
- Water Soluble : B - 1,2,3,5,6,7,9,12 and C
- Fat Soluble : A,D,E, K
-
What are the Major minerals ?
(Hint : Use Acronym )
Ca, K , P, Na, Cl, Mg, and S
- Captain
- Kathrine
- Parker
- Navigates
- Clear
- Moving
- Surf
-
What is the conversion factor for kg to lbs ?
To maintain weight what the amount of Kcal/kg/day is needed for a sedentary adult , moderately active adult , and very active adult ?
kg = 2.2 lbs
- –Sedentary adults: 30 kcal/kg/day
- –Moderately active: 35 kcal/kg/day
- –Very active: 40 kcal/kg/day
-
what are the acceptable percentage range for nutrients ?
Carbohydrates :
Protein :
Fat :
- Carbohydrates–45-65%
- Fat –20-35%
- Protein–10-35%
-
Place these in order for most prevalent in American society to least prevalent ?
Heart disease , Cancer , Strokes ,
Diabetes mellitus
- Heart Disease
- Cancer
- Stroke
- Diabetes Mellitus
-
How is ingredients labeled on the nutrition facts in terms of weight ?
The highest in weight goes first
-
How is does vitamin dose amount and effects show on a graph ?
-
What water soluble vitamin is not of the B complex ?
Vitamin C
-
What vitamins of the B-complex are energy releasing ?
- B1 -Thiamine
- B2 -Riboflavin
- B3- Niacin
- B5-Pantothenic acid
- B7 - Biotin
-
What vitamins of the B-complex hematopoteic ?
- B9 -Folic acid
- B12- Cobalamin
-
What B-complex is considered in the other category ?
B6 -Pyridoxine,pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B1
B1- Thiamine
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B2
B2-Riboflavin
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B3
B3 -Niacin
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B5
B5-Pantothenic acid
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B6
B6-Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B7
B7- Biotin
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B9
B9 - Folic acid
-
Give the name of the following B-vitamin ?
B12
B12 - Cobalamin
-
Give the name of the following Vitamin ?
Vitamin C
Vitamin C - Ascorbic acid
-
Give the name of the following Vitamin ?
Vitamin A
Vitamin A - Retinol , B-carotenes
-
Give the name of the following Vitamin ?
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - calciferol
-
Give the name of the following Vitamin ?
Vitamin E
Vitamin E - Tocopherols
-
Give the name of the following Vitamin ?
Vitamin K
Vitamin K - Phylloquinone, Menaquinone
-
What vitamins are easily destroyed by heat ?
B1 , B6 , B9 , Vitamin C
-
What vitamins are easily destroyed by UV ?
B2
-
What vitamin is easily destroyed by food processing ?
B5
-
What vitamins are easily destroyed by heat and oxygen ?
-
What vitamin is easily destroyed by the microwaves ?
B12
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause Beriberi or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ?
B1 - Thiamine
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause ?
-No major disease
-Dermatitis
-Cheilosis (fissuring at the corners of the mouth)
-Glossitis (tongue appearing smooth and purplish)
B2-Riboflavin
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause ?
Pellagra: disease of the skin, GI tract and CNS
Dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia (3Ds); and
if untreated death
B3-Niacin
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause ?
Deficiency:Not well characterized in humans
B5 - Pantothenic acid
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause ?
Scaly dermatitis, anemia, depression, confusion,
convulsions
B6- Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause ?
Deficiency:Rare
B7: Biotin
-
Whenever you see carboxylase what vitamin is associated with it ?
B7: Biotin
-
In fatty acid synthesis what does Acetyl-ACP and Malonyl-CoA go on to make ?
Palmitate
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause ?
-It is Probably the most
common vitamin deficiency in the US particularly among pregnant women
and alcoholics
-Anemia
-Neural tube defects: Spina bifida and anencephaly
B9: Folic Acid
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause Deficiency Pernicious anemia ?
B12 -cabalamin
-
What factor does B12 require to be absorbed by the gut ? This causes ?
Intrensic Factor
The body can't absorb Vitamin B12 and then it causes pernicious anemia.
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause Deficiency ?
Scurvy:
-Sore and spongy gums
-Loose teeth
-Fragile blood vessels
-Swollen joints
-Anemia
Vitamin C - Ascorbic Acid
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause Deficiency ?
-Night Blindness
-Xerophthalmia – dry eyes, lack of tear production
-Keratomalacia – softening of the cornea
Vitamin A - Retinol / B-Carotenes
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause Deficiency ?
-Rickets in children
-Inadequate calcification resulting in misshapen bones
(bowing of leg)
-Osteomalacia in adults
-Poor bone mineralization
-Soft, flexible, brittle and deformed bones
-Osteoporosis in adults
-Loss of calcium
-Results in fractures
Vitamin D - Calciferol
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause Deficiency
Deficiency:
Red blood cell breakage
Nerve damage
Vitmain E - Tocopherols
-
A deficiency in what vitamin will cause Deficiency
Deficiency
-Hemorrhaging
Vitamin K - Phylloquinone, Menaquinone
-
A deficiency in sodium will cause ?
Muscle cramps, mental apathy and loss of appetite
-
A deficiency in calcium will cause ?
- Stunted growth in children
- Bone loss (osteoporosis) in adults
-
A deficiency of phosphorous will cause ?
- Muscular weakness, bone pain
- Important in DNA and RNA
-
Is fluoride better used internally or topically ?
Topically
-
A deficiency in Iron causes ?
Anemia
-
A deficiency in Zn , Cr ,Mn ?
- and are essential for the management of sugar
- metabolism
-
A deficiency in Iodine can cause ?
–Goiter may arise from lack of Iodine
-
What is the BMI equation ?
What is the BMI of a 154 pound individual with
a height of 6 feet?
BMI = weight(kg) / height (m) 2
BMI = (70kg) / (1.83 m) 2
BMI = 21
-
What are the ranges of BMI for the follwoing ?
BMI:
Underweight-
Healthy weight-
Overweight-
Obesity -
Extreme Obesity-
- BMI :
- Underweight <18.5
- Healthy weight 18.5 -24.9
- Overweight 25-29.9
- Obesity 30-39.9
- Extreme Obesity >40
-
Two important information for disease risk missing from weight only are ?
- -How much of the weight is fat
- -Where the fat is located
-
What are some facts about visceral fat ?
- -Stored around the organs of the abdomen
- Upper body fat / Central Obesity
- -Associated with increased risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, hypertension, and some types of cancer
- -Most common in men and to a lesser extent postmenopausalwomen
-
What are some facts about subcutaneous fat ?
- -Stored around hips and thighs
- -Lower body fat
- -Mostly common in women during reproductive years
- -Seems relatively harmless
-
What is Leptin ?
- -Leptin
- from adipose tissue
- promotes negative energy balance
- -Suppressing appetite
- -Increasing energy expenditure
-
What is the difference between Anorexia nervosa , Bulimia Nervosa , and Binge eating disorder ? Which is important to dentist ?
Bulimia Nervosa
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