403_exam1_ROM_immobil

spedific terminology should be used but, often is used interchangably:

Flexibility:

ROM:

it is useful to identify what is inhibiting ROM.

List (4) influences to ROM:

connective tissues are made up of collagen & other fibers within a ground substance.

Collagen:

connective tissues are made up of collagen & other fibers within a ground substance.

Elastin:

connective tissues are made up of collagen & other fibers within a ground substance.

reticulin:

connective tissues are made up of collagen & other fibers within a ground substance.

ground substance:

list the structures that are dense regular connective tissues: (2)

how would you stretch dense regular conn. tissues:

list the structures that are loose regular connective tissues: (1)

list the structures that are dense irregular conncetive tissues: (5)

list the structures that are loose irregular connective tissues: (1)

one must understand mechanical properties of connective tissues to stretch and fxn properly.

list the (3) properties:

the fluid like resistance to force that provides permanent deformation is called:

a property that allows stretched tissue to return to normal length post load is called:

describe the mechanical property of visocelasticity:

the property of connective tissue that allows for the ablity to undergo a permanent change in length after force is applied is called:

list the (2) physical properties of connective tissue:

the physcial property of connective tissue that describes elongation of tissues in the plastic range is called:

list (2) ways this is typically acheived:

physial properties that lead to changes beyond plastic range & failure is called:

strain (deformation) of an object is directly related to ability to resist stress (load), as stated by:

wavy crimp of collage is stretched 1.5-4% in which region of the stress strain curve:

with additional stresses, recoverable deformation occurs in which region of the stress strain curve:

once the elastic limit is reached, sequential failure of the collagen fibers & tissues occurs in the which range of the stress strain curve:

what is the result & released:

the region of the stress strain curve in which there is considerable weakening of the tissue & less force is needed for deformation is called:

the region of the stress strain curve in which each stretch increases heat allowing the next stretch to be more effective is called:

stretching techniques are based on stretch reflexes

the mechanoreceptors muscle spindles are typically sensitive to which type to stretch:

strethcing techniques are based on stretch reflexes

the mehcanoreceptors golgi tendon organs are typically sensitive to which type of stretch:

the neuromuscular afferants IA or primary afferant surround which part of the neuro fiber:

what type of stretch does the IA (primary) respond to:

the neuromuscular afferants II or secondary respond to which type of stretch:

the neuromuscular afferants Ib send messages from which type of receptor:

which type of stretch does this respond to:

when tension develops in muscle GTOs fires and inhibits alpha motor neuron that is under tension.


why is this useful:

when a muscle is stretched (rapid or sustained) the muscle spindle responds by initiating _______ via the alpha motor neuron of the muscle stretched

when a stretch reflex is activated in the muscle being lengthened, decreased activity (inhibition) of the muscle on the opposite side of the joint is present which is known as:

if a stretch/tension held on a muscle is greater than 6 seconds an inhibitory impact on the muscle being held occurs which is known as:

neuromuscular effects of ROM on GTO:

sensitive to which type of stretch:
located at:
which type of neuromuscular fiber:
type of inhibition:

list 4 considerations of how to asses for normal ROM:

immobilization is sometimes needed to provide for:

immobilization can be detrimental under which (2) conditions:

immobilization of connective tissue

immobilization of muscle

immobilization of articular cartilage

immobilization of ligament

list (2) things that must be identified for remobilization:

stretching techniques preformed by the patient without outside assistance is called:

what is the technique most effective for:

ballistic, static & PNF are stretching techniques known as:

the stretching techniques based on reduction of sensory activity through spinal reflexes to cause relaxation is called:

what is the traditional technieque for this stretch:

the PNF technique in which the pt. preforms end range isometeric contraction for 5-10 seconds followed by voluntary relaxation is called:

the PNF technique in which the muscle contract rotation in the diagonal is allowed and all other muscle fxn's isometrically is called:

the PNF technique in which the pt. concentrically contacts (shortens) the muscle opposite range limiting muscle & hold for several seconds is called:

list (5) precautions to be aware of while stretching:

list (5) modalities of manual therapy

an area of hypersensitivity, that when compressed becomes tender and if sufficiently hypersensitive gives rise to referred pain is called:

skilled passive movement of a joint is called:

list the (3) effects of joint mobilizations:

describe the mehcanical effect of joint mobilizations:

describe the nutritional effect of joint mobilizations:

describe the neurophysiological effect of joint mobilizations:

a popping sound during joint mobilizations is thought to be:

list (2) contraindications for grade 1 & 2 joint mobilizations:

list (4) contraindications for grades 3-5 joint mobilizations:

list (6) precautions for joint mobilizations

describe the...

osteokinematic motion:

&

arthrokinematic motion:


of shoulder ABD

joint motion that is under the control of the patient is called:

list (3) examples of this motion:

motion that is needed for normal joint motion but it not under voluntary control of the patient is called:

motion that occurs in the joint capsule & is determined by its laxity is called:

when loss of motion at a joint is due to capsular  tightness, what will the the motion be presented at:

a capsular pattern of motion loss typically indicates:

soft tissue approximation will have what type of end feed:

give an example of soft tissue approximation:

muscular, capsular, and ligamentous all have which type of end feels:

give an example of each type of end feel:

boney, elbow extension will have which type of end feel?

any of the normal end feels that are not appropriate to the joint motion are called:

a pathologic end feel that is a sudden,sharp arrest in 1 direction is called:

a pathologic end feel that usually occurs with rebound, usually accompanied with pain is called:

a pathologic end feel that presents with ligamentous laxity is called:

a pathologic end feel that is soft, with mushy joint effusion is called:

a pathological end feel that presents with internal derangement and/or mechanical block is called:

a pathological end feel that presents with empty , no resistance to motion, with or without pain is called:

list the (5) arthrokinematic motions that occur between bones in a joint:

when a new point on one surface a new point on another surface is the arthrokinematic motion called:

occurs in combination with:

when one on one surface contacts a new point on a another contact surface is the arthrokinematic motion called:

when one bone rotates around a stationary axis is the arthrokinematic motion called:

a decrease in space between 2 joint surfaces is the artrhokinematic motion called:

when 2 surfaces are pulled apart the arthrokinematic motion is called:

describe the concave-convex rule:

in which direction does the roll & glide occur:

describe the convex-concave rule:

in which direction does the roll & glide occur:

the plane that passes thru the joint & lies at a right angle  to a line that lies perpendicular from axis of rotation (in a convex bone)  to middle of  contacting articular surface is called:

small oscillations at the beginning of the range is which grade joint mobilization:

slightly larger oscillations at the beginning of the range to tissue resistance is which grade joint mobilization:

a large oscillation to the end range is which grade joint mobilization:

a small oscillation at end range is which grade joint mobilization:

a end range small amplitude high velocity is which grade of joint mobilization:

what 3 things can limit ROM?

should a joint mobilization occur in a open pack or closed pack position:

joint surfaces are most congruent,

ligaments and capsule are taught,  and..

joint surfaces are together in which type of joint mobilization position:

the capsule is most lax,

least amount of congruency,

evaluation and tx occur here,

and typically occur mid range in which type of joint mobilization position:

the most dangerous technique,

least acceptance & understanding,

referred pain follows neural pathways, &

injury can be to nerve directly or tissue surrounding

is the type of mobilization known as:

list 5 susceptible sites of neural mobilization