Organic Chem Unit 2 (part 1)

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  1. contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon chain
    alcohol
  2. contains a hydroxyl group attached to a benzene ring
    phenol
  3. IUPAC name for alcohol?
    replace the -e with -ol
  4. common name for alcohol?
    • ethyl alcohol
    • methyl alcohol etc.
  5. when there is an -OH group what type of bond does it have?
    hydrogen bond
  6. what type of alcohol has the highest boiling point?
    glycerol
  7. what type of alcohol has the lowest boiling point?
    rubbing alcohol
  8. what makes an alcohol soluble in water?
    the OH
  9. the more OH's, the more?
    soluble it is in water and the higher the boiling point
  10. rubbing alcohol, antifreeze, and glycerol are all?
    soluble in water because of -OH
  11. used in antiseptics and disinfectants
    phenol
  12. compounds of phenol are the active ingredients in the ?
    essential oils of cloves, vanilla, nutmeg and mint
  13. classification of alcohols is determined by ?
    the number of alkyl groups attached to the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl
  14. carbon compunds that contain a -SH group
    thiols
  15. how are thiols named?
    by adding thiol to the alkane name of the longest carbon chain
  16. often have strong odors
    thiols
  17. are used to detect gas leaks
    thiols
  18. are found in onions, oysters and garlic
    thiols
  19. are the functional group in peptides
    thiols
  20. hydrogen bond?
    O connected to H, N or F
  21. contains an -O- between two carbon groups
    ether
  22. common name for ethers?
    gives the alkyl names of the attached groups followed by ether
  23. water + ether... what type of bond
    hydrogen bond
  24. ethers can not do hydrogen bonding when?
    it is mixed with itself and no water
  25. do not normally react with reducing agents or bases
    ethers
  26. reactivity of ethers?
    requires heat and acid catalyst
  27. removing water?
    dehydration
  28. take alcohols and dehydrate them to make?
    ethers
  29. ethers act as?
    anesthetics
  30. second in production of organic compounds
    • MTBE
    • meta-tertbutyl ether
  31. boiling point of alcohols?
    • contains polar OH groups
    • form hydrogen bonds with other alcohol molecules
  32. alcohols have higher boiling points than?
    alkanes and ethers
  33. do not have a polar group and have an O, but no H
    ethers
  34. cannot form hydrogen bonds between ether molecules
    ethers
  35. why are alcohols and ethers more soluble in water than alkanes?
    bc alkanes are nonpolar and have London dispersion forces
  36. alcohols have what for bonding
    London dispersion and polar end with hydrogen bond
  37. boiling point depends on?
    intermolecular forces
  38. when does alcohol become insoluble?
    with more than 4 carbons
  39. benzens ___ soluble in water, but phenol ____
    • is not
    • is
  40. is corrosive and irritating to skin?
    phenol
  41. has a hydroxyl group that ionizes slightly (weak acid)
    phenol
  42. polarity of ether?
    slightly polar bc it has an O
  43. combustion of alcohols?
    combustion with O2 to produce Co2 and H20
  44. dehydration of alcohols?
    • take water off
    • use acid catalyst (H+)
  45. the loss of H and OH from adjacent carbon atoms
    dehydration of alcohols
  46. what does dehydration of alcohols produce?
    alkene and water
  47. alcohols dehydrate with ?
    heat in presence of strong acid to produce alkanes
  48. a type of elimination reaction?
    dehydration
  49. in an elimination reaction the alkene with the greatest number of alkyl groups on the double bonded carbon is the major product of the reaction
    zaitsev's rule
  50. in zaitsev's rule, you want double bond to be?
    more highly substituted
  51. acid + heat reaction removes?
    water
  52. combustion is mixing___? burning it creates?
    • O2
    • Co2 + water + heat
  53. dehydration reaction catalyst?
    acid and heat
  54. increase in the number of C-O bonds, and loss of H
    oxidation
  55. there is a decrease in the number of C-O bonds, gain of H
    reduction
  56. OIL RIG
    • oxidation is losing
    • reduction is gaining
  57. ROH?
    alcohol
  58. RCHO?
    aldehyde
  59. RCR w/ =O on C?
    ketone
  60. RCOOH?
    acid
  61. alkane is oxidized into? which is oxidized into? which is then oxidized into?
    • alcohol
    • aldehyde
    • carboxylic acid
  62. type of alcohol that cannot be oxidized?
    tertiary
  63. acts as a depressant?
    ethanol

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Author:
 melissag94
ID:
 283539
Filename:
 Organic Chem Unit 2 (part 1)
Updated:
2014-09-29 00:38:43
Tags:
organic chem 230 alcohol ethers thiols
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Description:
chapter 12 organic chem 230
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