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Central Vowels:
/ə/, /ʌ/, /ɚ/, /ɝ/
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Height: mid
Advancement: central
Lip rounding: unrounded
Tense/lax: lax
/ə/ (schwa) ex: astounded, rearrange, roasted, ranson
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The basic distinction between the vowels /ə/ and /ʌ/ is that the schwa occurs only in ____ syllables and the turned v occurs only in _____ stressed syllables
unstressed, stressed
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Height: low-mid
Advancement: back-central
Lip rounding: unrounded
Tense/lax: lax
/ʌ/ (wedge) ex: rub, trouble, flood, abundance
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although /ʌ/ can occur in one-syllable words, it does not usually occur in ____ syllables in English
open
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Height: mid
Advancement: central
Lip rounding: rounded
Tense/lax: lax
/ɚ/ (schwar) ex: pertain, luxury, surround, runner
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___ is not easily defined by referring only to the four categories used to describe other english vowels. its production involved additional ____ movement and is formed by constricting the _____ and ____ the space in the oral cavity in front of the tongue
/ɚ/, tongue, pharynx, increasing
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/ɚ/ is only produced in ____ syllables, and is therefor ___
unstressed, lax
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Height: mid
Advancement: central
Lip rounding: rounded
Tense/lax: tense
/ɝ/ (right hook, reversed epsilon) ex: curse, deter, third, surgeon
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/ɝ/ only occurs in ____ syllables, and is the only central vowel considered to be ___
stressed, tense
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like the schwar, the /ɝ/ is ___ found on the vowel quadrilateral
not
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the one commonality among all of the diphthongs is the fact that the tongue always glides from a _____ to a ____ position in the oral cavity
lower, higher
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The tongue body begins in the low central or low back portion of the mouth, in the production of the onglide, and moves to the high front position for the offglide
/aI/ ex: lye, ice, fiber, feisty
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The tongue body beings in the low-mid back position of the mouth, and glides to a high front position
/ɔI/ ex: toy, join, boisterous, exploit
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The tongue begins in the low back position of the mouth for the onglide and glides upward to the high back position for the production of the offglide
/aʊ/ ex: loud, clown, around, powder
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