Organic Chem 230 (part 2)

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carbonyl group?

an aldehyde is attached to atleast one H atom
a carbonyl group in a ketone is?

attached to two carbon groups
-e in alkane name is changed to -al

aldehyde
common names for first 4 aldehydes that use prefixes?
- form (1C)
- acet (2C)
- propion (3C)
- butyr (4C)
an aldehyde is always found?

at end of the chain
ketones are always found?

within the carbon chain, not on the ends
naming ketones?

the -e in alkane name is replaced with -one
structure of acetone?

CH3-C-CH3 with =O attached to middle C
has bi product of methanol that is bad for you

splenda
structure of formaldehyde?

HCH with =O attached to C
soluble in water

acetone, ethanal
without an H on the oxygen, aldehydes and ketones cannot form?

hydrogen bonds
have polar carbonyl groups and attractions between polar groups

aldehydes and ketones
nonpolar and not soluble in water

butane
aldehydes and ketones are?

soluble in water
tollens test oxidizes ___ but not ___
- aldehydes
- ketones
what does positive tollens test look like?

mirror in test tube
test is used to test glucose in blood

benedicts test
what compounds are given a positive tollens test? negative?
- aldehyde = +
- ketone = (-)
what does benedicts test look like when positive?

turns red
reduction of carbonyls requires a catalyst of?

ni, pt, or pd
reduction of carbonyls?
- react with hydrogen gas
- requires a catalyst
- occurs with heat and pressure
product of addition reaction?

hemiacetal
part of both alcohol and ether functions and are a new functional group

hemiacetal (ketal) carbons
aldehydes can only form?

acetal of some kind
ketones can only form?

ketal of some kind

Author

melissag94

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Organic Chem 230 (part 2)

Description

Chapter 13 Fall 2014

Updated

10/8/2014, 2:17:16 AM

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