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Organic Chem 230 (part 2)
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carbonyl group?
an aldehyde is attached to atleast one H atom
a carbonyl group in a ketone is?
attached to two carbon groups
-e in alkane name is changed to -al
aldehyde
common names for first 4 aldehydes that use prefixes?
form (1C)
acet (2C)
propion (3C)
butyr (4C)
an aldehyde is always found?
at end of the chain
ketones are always found?
within the carbon chain, not on the ends
naming ketones?
the -e in alkane name is replaced with -one
structure of acetone?
CH3-C-CH3 with =O attached to middle C
has bi product of methanol that is bad for you
splenda
structure of formaldehyde?
HCH with =O attached to C
soluble in water
acetone, ethanal
without an H on the oxygen, aldehydes and ketones cannot form?
hydrogen bonds
have polar carbonyl groups and attractions between polar groups
aldehydes and ketones
nonpolar and not soluble in water
butane
aldehydes and ketones are?
soluble in water
tollens test oxidizes ___ but not ___
aldehydes
ketones
what does positive tollens test look like?
mirror in test tube
test is used to test glucose in blood
benedicts test
what compounds are given a positive tollens test? negative?
aldehyde = +
ketone = (-)
what does benedicts test look like when positive?
turns red
reduction of carbonyls requires a catalyst of?
ni, pt, or pd
reduction of carbonyls?
react with hydrogen gas
requires a catalyst
occurs with heat and pressure
product of addition reaction?
hemiacetal
part of both alcohol and ether functions and are a new functional group
hemiacetal (ketal) carbons
aldehydes can only form?
acetal of some kind
ketones can only form?
ketal of some kind
Author
melissag94
ID
284310
Card Set
Organic Chem 230 (part 2)
Description
Chapter 13 Fall 2014
Updated
10/8/2014, 2:17:16 AM
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