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readyreg29
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Types of shock
- Hypovolemic
- Distributive (vasogenic)
- Cardiogenic
- Spinal/Neurogenic
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Stages of Shock
- Compensated / Nonprogressive
- Decompensated / Progressive
- Irreversible
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Signs and symptoms of shock
- Loss of sympathetic tone
- Hypotension
- Skin condition
- Bradycardia
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Early / Compensated shock
Signs and symptoms
- Narrow pulse
- + Orthostatic tilt test
- Tachycardia
- Pale, cool skin
- Diaphoresis
- No ALOC
- Anxious / apprehensive
- Stable BP
- Dry mucosa
- Thirst
- Weakness
- - Cap refill
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Late / Progressive shock
Signs and symptoms
- Tachycardia
- Pale, cool skin
- Diaphoresis
- Decreased ALOC
- Hypotension
- Nausea
- Cyanosis
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Changes associated with compensated shock
- Signs and symptoms of early shock
- BP: normal to high
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Management of shock
(compensated / decompensated)
- Recovery
- Fluid replacement
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Transportation considerations for Trauma
- Rapid transport to trauma center
- Air Medivac
- **does this pt. need surgery NOW!!**
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Changes associated with decompensated shock
- Signs and symptoms of late shock
- BP: low
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Changes associated with usage of a pneumatic anti-shock garment (PASG)
- Increased arterial BP
- Increased systemic vascular resistance
- Immobilization of pelvis & lower extremities
- Increased intra-abdominal pressure
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PASG
indications
- Hypoperfusion w/ unstable pelvis
- Decreased systemic vascular resistance
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PASG
contraindications
- Pregnancy
- Impaled abdominal or evisceration injury
- Ruptured diaphragm
- Cardiogenic shock
- Pulmonary edema
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Subdural hematoma
A collection of blood on the surface of the brain
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Trauma pt's w/ unexplained shock should be assumed to have:
- Intrabdominal hemorrhage
- (retroperitoneal space)
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Cushing's triad is a sign of
Increased intracranial pressure
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Hypertension (high BP)
Bradycardia (slow HR)
Widening pulse pressure
Cushing's triad
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Hypertension
Bradycardia
Bradypnea
Hyperthermia
Cushing's reflex
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Poor perfusion to the brain
Cushing's reflex
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