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From latin. The former; Before the study or analysis
A Prori
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An expeerimental design with two randomly assigned groups - A treatment group and a control group. This design differs from the true experiment in that both ggroups are measured only after the experiment
After only Design
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A quasi experimental design similar to the after only experimental desing but subjects are not randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups.
After Only Nonequivalent Control Group
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A variable that affects the dependent variable but occurs before the introduction of the independent variable.
Antecedent variable
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Operationalized as the control group receiving the same amount of "attention" as the experimental group
Attention Control
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Measures used to hold unifrom or constant the conditions under which an investigation occurs.
Control
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In experimental studies, the presumed effect of the independent variable or experimental variable on the outcome
Dependent variable
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The plan or blue print for conduct of a study
Design
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An estimate of how large a difference there is between intervention and control groups in summarized studies.
Effect Size
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A research design that has the following properties: randomization, control, and manipulation.
Experimental Design
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A variable that interferes with the operation of the phenomenon being studied
Intervening, extraneous, or meditating variable
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The antecedent or the variables that has tge presumed effect on the detergent variable
Independent variable
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A variable that occurs during an experimental or quasi experimental study that affects the dependent variable.
Intervening Variable
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The process of enhancing the study's internal validity by ensuring that the intervention is delivered systematically to all subjects.
Intervention Fidelity
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The loss of subjects from time 1 data collection to time 2 data collection
Mortality
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The provision of some experimental treatment, in one or varying degrees, to some of the subjects in the study.
Manipulation
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A Quasi experimental design that is similar to the true experiment, but subjects are not randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups.
Non equivalent control group design
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Design used by researchers when only one group is available for study. Data are collected before and after an experimental treatment on one group of subjects. In this type of design there is no control group and no randomization.
One-group (pretest/postest) Design
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The mathematical procedure to determine the number for each arm (group) of a study.
Power Analysis
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A sampling selection procedure in which each person or element of the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected to either the experimental group or the control group
Randomization
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A study design in which random assignment is not used. but the independent variable is manipulated and certain mechanisms of control are used.
Quasi Experimental Design
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A research study using a true experimental design
Randomized Control Trial (RCT)
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The effects of taking a pretest on the scores of a post test
Testing
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An experimental design with four randomly assigned groups- the pretest/post-test control group; the pretest/post-test intervention group; the a treatment or intervention group with ONLY post-test measurement; a control group with ONLY post-test measurement
Solomon Four Group Design
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A quasi experimental design used to dtermine trends before and after an experimental treatment. Measurements are taken several times before the introduction of the experimental treatment; the treamtent is introduced; measurements are taken at specified times after the treatment.
Time series design
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The impact of the independent variable/intervention on the dependent variable
Treatment Effect
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Also known as the pretest/post-test control group design. In this design subjects are randomly assigned to an experimental or control group, pretest measurements are performed, an intervention or tretment occurs in the experimental group, and post-test measurements are performed
True (classic) experiment
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