Ch 6

  1. what is a compound made of?
    2 or more elements that are chemically combined
  2. forces that hold atoms or ions together in a compound
    chemical bonds
  3. the way a compound's atoms are bonded to make the compound
    chemical structure
  4. model with atoms represented by balls and bonds represented by sticks
    ball-and-stick model
  5. the distance between the nuclei of 2 bonded atoms
    bond length
  6. angle formed by 2 bonds to the same atom
    bond angle
  7. model that shows the relative sizes of atoms in a compound, but not bond lengths
    space-filling model
  8. can bonds bend, stretch, and rotate without breaking?
    yes - but they hold atoms together tightly
  9. what determines the properties of a compound?
    chemical structure of the compound
  10. table salt (sodium chloride) is found in the form of ___
    regularly shaped crystals
  11. strength of attractions of the molecules of gases
    weak
  12. attraction to a hydrogen atom
    hydrogen bond
  13. when do atoms bond?
    when their valence electrons interact
  14. why do atoms join to form bonds?
    so that each atom has a stable electron configuration
  15. 2 basic kinds of chemical bonding
    • ionic
    • covalent
  16. attractive force between oppositely charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
    ionic bond
  17. how are ionic bonds formed?
    by the transfer of electrons
  18. in what form are ionic bonds?
    in the form of networks, not molecules
  19. what do ionic compounds do when melted or dissolved in water?
    conduct electricity
  20. bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
    covalent bond
  21. covalent bonds usually form between what types of atoms?
    nonmetal
  22. can covalent bonds conduct electricity?
    no - they are not charged
  23. bonds in which electrons are shared equally
    nonpolar covalent bonds
  24. unequal sharing of electrons forms ___
    polar covalent bond
  25. to be able to carry
    conduct
  26. atoms in metals form ___
    metallic bonds
  27. ion made of 2 or more atoms
    polyatomic ions
  28. how do polyatomic ions act in a compound?
    as a single unit
  29. what groups the atoms of a polyatomic ion in a chemical formula?
    parentheses
  30. suffixes for polyatomic anions made of oxygen
    • -ite (fewer oxygen atoms)
    • -ate (more oxygen atoms)
  31. what charge do ionic compounds must have?
    total charge of zero
  32. formula that tells the smallest whole-number ratio of atoms that are in a compound
    empirical formula
  33. chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms i a molecule, but not the arrangement of atoms
    molecular formula
  34. covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides
    organic compound
  35. when a compound is made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms
    hydrocarbon
  36. hydrocarbons that have only single covalent bonds
    alkanes
  37. molecule that is a long chain made of smaller molecules
    polymer
  38. smaller molecule that makes up a polymer
    monomer
  39. organic compounds that can be made by living things
    biochemical compounds
  40. class of molecules that includes sugars, starches and fiber
    carbohydrate
  41. organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and is a principal component of all cells
    protein
  42. compound of a class of simple organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group and an amino group, and that combine to form proteins
    amino acid
  43. glucose that is not needed right away by the body is stored as ___
    glycogen (a polymer of glucose)
  44. polymer that stores genetic information
    DNA
  45. shape of DNA
    double helix
  46. molecules bonded to phosphate units corresponding to the "ladder's" sides
    sugar
  47. attached to each sugar molecule is one of four DNA monomers, which are?
    • adenine
    • thymine
    • cytosine
    • guanine
  48. what make up the "rungs" of the DNA "ladder"?
    DNA monomer pairs
Author
jb124
ID
286454
Card Set
Ch 6
Description
compounds and molecules
Updated