psych of learning and behavior test 2 part 2

the stimulus contingencies will generally dominate

an extreme, irrational fear reaction to a particular event

it seems to represent a process of over-generalization

the rat was initially a NS, while the loud noise was a UR

Albert's fears of the rat seemed to grow weaker following a 30-day break

Albert's fear response was absent whenever he was sucking his thumb, suggesting that the fear conditioning was actually relatively strong

Real-life phobias often requires only one conditioning trial

many phobias are acquired through observation of fearful reactions in others

display of fears by others (US) leads to fear in oneself (UR)

Snake (NS) followed by a display of fear by others, lead to a fear in oneself (UR), and thus the snake becomes a CS which leads to fear in oneself, which is now a CR

an individuals base level of emotionality and reactivity to stimulation (genetically determined)

It does not seem to affect the extent to which responses can be classically conditioned

a genetically based predisposition to learn certain kinds of associations more easily than others

We may have an inherited predisposition to develop fears to certain types of objects or events

a history of being able to control important events in one's environment

the strengthening of a conditioned fear response as a result of brief exposures to the aversive CS (this runs counter to the concept of extinction)

phobic behaviors might sometimes develop when the person encounters a more intense version of the US than was used in the original conditioning

an increase in one's reactivity to a potentially fearful stimulus following exposure to an unrelated stressful event

a CS that elicits one type of response is associated with an event that elicits an incompatible response

involves pairing relaxation with a succession of stimuli that elicit interesting levels of fear

a behavioral treatment that involves prolonged exposure to a feared stimulus, thereby providing maximal opportunity for the conditioned fear response to be exinguished

reduces the attractiveness of a desired event by associating it with an aversive stimulus